Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis.
Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University.
Psychol Aging. 2020 May;35(3):317-328. doi: 10.1037/pag0000452. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Cognitive complaints and engagement in cognitive activities are two consistent predictors of cognitive aging outcomes, including risk for nonnormative decline. Though research has considered predictors of complaints and engagement in general, little work has attended to the fact that these fluctuate at the daily level. The current study examined individual difference predictors of means and variability for engagement and complaints across 10 days in a sample of older adults (n = 136; Mage = 70.45 years). When comparing personality traits to indicators of cognitive performance, personality differences appeared better unique predictors for these measures of daily cognitive life. Specifically, even when accounting for demographics, measures of cognitive performance, and the other personality traits investigated, older adults higher on openness to experience reported fewer daily cognitive complaints and more engagement on average, as well as greater daily variability in engagement. In addition, higher neuroticism predicted greater variability in reports of cognitive complaints across days. Implications are discussed with respect to how these findings advance our understanding of cognitive complaints and engagement in daily life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
认知主诉和参与认知活动是认知老化结果的两个一致预测因素，包括出现非正常衰退的风险。尽管研究已经考虑了一般主诉和参与的预测因素，但很少有研究关注到这些因素在日常水平上的波动。本研究在一项老年人样本中（n=136；Mage=70.45 岁），考察了 10 天内参与度和主诉的平均值和变异性的个体差异预测因素。当将人格特质与认知表现指标进行比较时，人格差异似乎是这些日常认知生活指标更好的独特预测因素。具体来说，即使考虑到人口统计学、认知表现测量以及其他研究的人格特质，开放性得分较高的老年人平均来说日常认知主诉较少，参与度更高，并且参与度的日常变化更大。此外，神经质程度越高，预示着认知主诉在一天中的变化越大。讨论了这些发现如何增进我们对日常生活中的认知主诉和参与度的理解。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
