Lindner Stefanie, Aschwanden Damaris, Zimmermann Johannes, Allemand Mathias
Department of Psychology and University Research Priority Program Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
Eur J Ageing. 2021 Feb 17;19(1):131-142. doi: 10.1007/s10433-020-00598-z. eCollection 2022 Mar.
The present study examined how personality traits manifest in daily life of older adults and distinguished between the manifestations of experiences and behaviors. We used data from an ambulatory assessment study over 10 days with assessments of trait-related experiences and behaviors obtained from 136 older adults aged between 60 and 91 years (41.2% male; = 70.45 years). Multilevel models revealed that on average, 61.2% of variance in trait-related experiences and 39.6% of variance in behaviors were due to consistent differences between persons. Older adults were rather variable and diverse in their trait manifestations, while they also showed relative stability in trait manifestations. Across older age, some age effects for trait manifestations were found. Moreover, within-person variation of experiences and behaviors showed, with one exception, joint fluctuations in daily life. The findings portray a nuanced picture of trait manifestations in older adulthood. The findings complement the literature on within-person variability in older adulthood and might encourage further studies from a within-person perspective to better understand how older adults navigate through daily life.
The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s10433-020-00598-z).
本研究考察了人格特质在老年人日常生活中的表现方式，并区分了经历和行为的表现。我们使用了一项为期10天的动态评估研究的数据，该研究对136名年龄在60至91岁之间的老年人（男性占41.2%；平均年龄 = 70.45岁）的特质相关经历和行为进行了评估。多层次模型显示，平均而言，特质相关经历中61.2%的变异和行为中39.6%的变异是由于个体之间的持续差异所致。老年人在特质表现上相当多变且多样，同时他们在特质表现上也呈现出相对稳定性。在老年群体中，发现了一些特质表现的年龄效应。此外，经历和行为的个体内部变异，除了一个例外，在日常生活中呈现出共同波动。这些发现描绘了老年期特质表现的细微差别。这些发现补充了关于老年期个体内部变异性的文献，并可能鼓励从个体内部视角进行进一步研究，以更好地理解老年人如何应对日常生活。
在线版本包含可在(10.1007/s10433-020-00598-z)获取的补充材料。
