Kudaibergenov Sarkyt E, Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I
Satbayev University, Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan.
Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Mar 4;12(3):572. doi: 10.3390/polym12030572.
State-of-the-art of flow-through catalytic reactors based on metal nanoparticles immobilized within the pores of nano-, micro- and macrosized polymeric gels and in the surface or hollow of polymeric membranes is discussed in this mini-review. The unique advantages of continuous flow-through nanocatalysis over the traditional batch-type analog are high activity, selectivity, productivity, recyclability, continuous operation, and purity of reaction products etc. The methods of fabrication of polymeric carriers and immobilization technique for metal nanoparticles on the surface of porous or hollow structures are considered. Several catalytic model reactions comprising of hydrolysis, decomposition, hydrogenation, oxidation, Suzuki coupling and enzymatic reactions in the flow system are exemplified. Realization of "on-off" switching mechanism for regulation of the rate of catalytic process through controlling the mass transfers of reactants in liquid media with the help of stimuli-responsive polymers is demonstrated. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of different flow-through catalytic reactors for various reactions is also surveyed.
本综述讨论了基于固定在纳米、微米和宏观尺寸聚合物凝胶孔内以及聚合物膜表面或中空部分的金属纳米颗粒的流通式催化反应器的最新进展。连续流通式纳米催化相对于传统间歇式催化的独特优势包括高活性、选择性、生产率、可回收性、连续操作以及反应产物的纯度等。文中考虑了聚合物载体的制备方法以及金属纳米颗粒在多孔或中空结构表面的固定技术。列举了流动体系中包括水解、分解、氢化、氧化、铃木耦合和酶促反应在内的几种催化模型反应。展示了借助刺激响应聚合物通过控制液体介质中反应物的传质来实现“开-关”切换机制以调节催化过程速率。还对不同流通式催化反应器对各种反应的效率进行了比较分析。
