School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 6;10(1):4194. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60325-7.
The effects of feeding an 80% plant protein diet, with and without fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) supplementation, on the growth and gut health of Atlantic salmon were investigated. Fish were fed either (A) a control diet containing 35% fishmeal, (B) an 80% plant protein diet with 15% fishmeal, (C) an 80% plant protein diet with 5% fishmeal and 10% partly hydrolysed protein, or (D) an 80% plant protein diet with 5% fishmeal and 10% soluble protein hydrolysate. Fish on the 80% plant- 15% fishmeal diet were significantly smaller than fish in the other dietary groups. However, partly-hydrolysed protein supplementation allowed fish to grow as well as fish fed the control 35% fishmeal diet. Fish fed the FPH diets (diets C and D) had significantly higher levels of amino acids in their blood, including 48% and 27% more branched chain amino acids compared to fish on the 35% fishmeal diet, respectively. Plant protein significantly altered gut microbial composition, significantly decreasing α-diversity. Spirochaetes and the families Moritellaceae, Psychromonadaceae, Helicobacteraceae and Bacteroidaceae were all found at significantly lower abundances in the groups fed 80% plant protein diets compared to the control fishmeal diet.
研究了在添加和不添加鱼蛋白水解物（FPH）的情况下，饲用 80%植物蛋白饲料对大西洋鲑生长和肠道健康的影响。鱼被分别投喂以下四种饲料：（A）含 35%鱼粉的对照饲料；（B）含 15%鱼粉的 80%植物蛋白饲料；（C）含 5%鱼粉和 10%部分水解蛋白的 80%植物蛋白饲料；（D）含 5%鱼粉和 10%可溶性蛋白水解物的 80%植物蛋白饲料。摄食 80%植物-15%鱼粉饲料的鱼明显小于其他饲料组的鱼。然而，部分水解蛋白的添加使得鱼的生长与摄食对照 35%鱼粉饲料的鱼相当。摄食 FPH 饲料（饲料 C 和 D）的鱼血液中的氨基酸水平显著升高，与摄食 35%鱼粉饲料的鱼相比，分别有 48%和 27%更高的支链氨基酸。植物蛋白显著改变了肠道微生物组成，显著降低了 α-多样性。与对照鱼粉饲料相比，摄食 80%植物蛋白饲料的鱼体内螺旋体和莫利氏菌科、嗜冷菌科、螺旋杆菌科和拟杆菌科的丰度均显著降低。
