Thang Tran Nhat, Vázquez-Prieto Severo, Vilas Román, Paniagua Esperanza, Ubeira Florencio M, Ichikawa-Seki Madoka
Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Quyet Thang Commune, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam.
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
Parasitol Int. 2020 Jun;76:102100. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102100. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
In the present study, molecular characterization of Fasciola flukes from Spain was performed to reveal the relation with the previously reported Peruvian F. hepatica population. The nuclear DNA markers, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) and DNA polymerase delta (pold), were used for species identification of Fasciola flukes. A total of 196 Fasciola flukes were identified as F. hepatica by pepck and pold, and 26 haplotypes were detected in mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1). Only one of them was previously found in Spanish samples; which indicates the existence of high genetic diversity and population structure in F. hepatica from Spain. Three haplotypes were identical to those from Peruvian F. hepatica. The pairwise fixation index value confirmed a relatively close relationship between the Spanish and Peruvian F. hepatica samples. The Spanish samples showed clearly higher genetic variability than the Peruvian population. These results are discussed in relation with the hypothesis of the introduction of the parasite in America from Europe and recent evidence of pre-Hispanic F. hepatica from Argentina revealed by ancient DNA.
在本研究中，对来自西班牙的片形吸虫进行了分子特征分析，以揭示其与先前报道的秘鲁肝片形吸虫种群的关系。使用核DNA标记磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶（pepck）和DNA聚合酶δ（pold）对片形吸虫进行物种鉴定。通过pepck和pold共鉴定出196条肝片形吸虫，并在线粒体烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶亚基1（nad1）中检测到26种单倍型。其中只有一种曾在西班牙样本中发现；这表明来自西班牙的肝片形吸虫存在高度的遗传多样性和种群结构。有三种单倍型与秘鲁肝片形吸虫的单倍型相同。成对固定指数值证实了西班牙和秘鲁肝片形吸虫样本之间存在相对密切的关系。西班牙样本显示出比秘鲁种群明显更高的遗传变异性。结合寄生虫从欧洲传入美洲的假说以及古代DNA揭示的阿根廷前西班牙时期肝片形吸虫的最新证据，对这些结果进行了讨论。
