Baylor University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Waco, TX, United States.
Baylor University, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Waco, TX, United States.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2020 May;171:107206. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107206. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
Poor sleep in college students compromises the memory consolidation processes necessary to retain course materials. A solution may lie in targeting reactivation of memories during sleep (TMR). Fifty undergraduate students completed a college-level microeconomics lecture (mathematics-based) while listening to distinctive classical music (Chopin, Beethoven, and Vivaldi). After they fell asleep, we re-played the classical music songs (TMR) or a control noise during slow wave sleep. Relative to the control condition, the TMR condition showed an 18% improvement for knowledge transfer items that measured concept integration (d = 0.63), increasing the probability of "passing" the test with a grade of 70 or above (OR = 4.68, 95%CI: 1.21, 18.04). The benefits of TMR did not extend to a 9-month follow-up test when performance dropped to floor levels, demonstrating that long-term-forgetting curves are largely resistant to experimentally-consolidated memories. Spectral analyses revealed greater frontal theta activity during slow wave sleep in the TMR condition than the control condition (d = 0.87), and greater frontal theta activity across conditions was associated with protection against long-term-forgetting at the next-day and 9-month follow-up tests (rs = 0.42), at least in female students. Thus, students can leverage instrumental music-which they already commonly pair with studying-to help prepare for academic tests, an approach that may promote course success and persistence.
大学生睡眠质量差会影响课程材料的记忆巩固过程。解决方法可能在于在睡眠期间对记忆进行再激活（TMR）。50 名本科生在听基础数学的大学水平微观经济学讲座的同时，听着独特的古典音乐（肖邦、贝多芬和维瓦尔第）。他们入睡后，我们在慢波睡眠期间重放古典音乐歌曲（TMR）或控制噪声。与对照条件相比，TMR 条件下的知识转移项目（衡量概念整合）提高了 18%（d=0.63），这增加了以 70 分或以上成绩“通过”测试的概率（OR=4.68，95%CI：1.21，18.04）。当表现下降到最低水平时，TMR 的好处并没有延伸到 9 个月的后续测试，这表明长期遗忘曲线在很大程度上不受实验性巩固记忆的影响。频谱分析显示，在 TMR 条件下，慢波睡眠期间的额叶 theta 活动比对照条件更强（d=0.87），并且在两种条件下的额叶 theta 活动与在次日和 9 个月后的测试中防止长期遗忘相关（rs=0.42），至少在女学生中是这样。因此，学生可以利用他们已经习惯与学习搭配的工具音乐来帮助准备学术考试，这种方法可能会促进课程成功和坚持。
