Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Cereb Cortex. 2020 Jun 1;30(7):3872-3883. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa003.
After experiencing the same episode, some people can recall certain details about it, whereas others cannot. We investigate how common (intersubject) neural patterns during memory encoding influence whether an episode will be subsequently remembered, and how divergence from a common organization is associated with encoding failure. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging with intersubject multivariate analyses, we measured brain activity as people viewed episodes within wildlife videos and then assessed their memory for these episodes. During encoding, greater neural similarity was observed between the people who later remembered an episode (compared with those who did not) within the regions of the declarative memory network (hippocampus, posterior medial cortex [PMC], and dorsal Default Mode Network [dDMN]). The intersubject similarity of the PMC and dDMN was episode-specific. Hippocampal encoding patterns were also more similar between subjects for memory success that was defined after one day, compared with immediately after retrieval. The neural encoding patterns were sufficiently robust and generalizable to train machine learning classifiers to predict future recall success in held-out subjects, and a subset of decodable regions formed a network of shared classifier predictions of subsequent memory success. This work suggests that common neural patterns reflect successful, rather than unsuccessful, encoding across individuals.
经历相同的事件后，有些人可以回忆起其中的某些细节，而有些人则不能。我们研究了记忆编码过程中常见的（主体间）神经模式如何影响一个事件是否会被随后记住，以及与常见组织的偏差如何与编码失败相关。我们使用具有主体间多变量分析的功能磁共振成像，在人们观看野生动物视频中的事件时测量大脑活动，然后评估他们对这些事件的记忆。在编码过程中，在被试者后来记住一个事件（与那些没有记住的事件相比）的区域内（海马体、后内侧皮层[PMC]和背侧默认模式网络[dDMN]），观察到人与人之间的神经相似性更大。PMC 和 dDMN 的主体间相似性是特定于事件的。对于在一天后定义的记忆成功，与立即检索后相比，海马体的编码模式在被试者之间也更相似。神经编码模式足够稳健和可推广，可用于训练机器学习分类器来预测在保留的被试者中未来的回忆成功，并且可解码区域的子集形成了后续记忆成功的共享分类器预测网络。这项工作表明，共同的神经模式反映了个体之间成功的编码，而不是不成功的编码。
