Institute of Social Medicine and Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 81372 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Kosice, Slovakia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 5;17(5):1691. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051691.
Sleep problems are common in adolescence with a negative impact on the mental health and functioning of adolescents. However, the roles of different sleep problems in relation to emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs), classified according to the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases as emotional, conduct, hyperactivity and social functioning disorders, are not clear. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs in adolescents. The second aim was to explore the role of sleep duration in this association. We used data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2018 in Slovakia. Presented are results for specific age groups of 13-year-old (N = 1909) and 15-year-old (N = 1293) adolescents. Subjective measures of sleep variables were used. Binary logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to assess associations between difficulties in getting to sleep, sleep duration and EBPs measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Modification of the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs by sleep duration was also explored. We found that difficulties in getting to sleep at least once a week as well as insufficient sleep (less than 8 h) increased the probability of EBPs. Interactions of sleep duration with difficulties in getting to sleep on EBPs were found to be non-significant. The results suggest that caregivers and clinicians should screen and intervene for both sleep quality and quantity problems in adolescents as they might indicate and promote EBPs.
睡眠问题在青少年中很常见，对青少年的心理健康和功能有负面影响。然而，不同睡眠问题与情绪和行为问题（EBP）的关系尚不清楚，这些问题根据国际疾病分类第 10 版被归类为情绪、行为、多动和社会功能障碍。本研究的第一个目的是调查青少年入睡困难与 EBP 的关系。第二个目的是探讨睡眠持续时间在这种关联中的作用。我们使用了 2018 年在斯洛伐克进行的青少年健康行为调查（HBSC）的数据。本研究呈现了 13 岁（N=1909）和 15 岁（N=1293）青少年特定年龄组的结果。睡眠变量的主观测量被用于研究。使用二元逻辑回归模型调整年龄和性别，评估入睡困难、睡眠持续时间与使用困难问卷（SDQ）测量的 EBP 之间的关系。还探索了睡眠持续时间对入睡困难与 EBP 之间关联的修饰作用。我们发现，每周至少有一次入睡困难和睡眠不足（少于 8 小时）都会增加 EBP 的发生概率。睡眠持续时间与入睡困难对 EBP 的交互作用不显著。结果表明，护理人员和临床医生应该对青少年的睡眠质量和数量问题进行筛查和干预，因为这些问题可能表明并促进 EBP 的发生。
