Jodat Yasamin A, Kiaee Kiavash, Vela Jarquin Daniel, De la Garza Hernández Rosakaren Ludivina, Wang Ting, Joshi Sudeep, Rezaei Zahra, de Melo Bruna Alice Gomes, Ge David, Mannoor Manu S, Shin Su Ryon
Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Cambridge MA 02139 USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020 Jan 10;7(5):1901878. doi: 10.1002/advs.201901878. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Advances in biomanufacturing techniques have opened the doors to recapitulate human sensory organs such as the nose and ear in vitro with adequate levels of functionality. Such advancements have enabled simultaneous targeting of two challenges in engineered sensory organs, especially the nose: i) mechanically robust reconstruction of the nasal cartilage with high precision and ii) replication of the nose functionality: odor perception. Hybrid nasal organs can be equipped with remarkable capabilities such as augmented olfactory perception. Herein, a proof-of-concept for an odor-perceptive nose-like hybrid, which is composed of a mechanically robust cartilage-like construct and a biocompatible biosensing platform, is proposed. Specifically, 3D cartilage-like tissue constructs are created by multi-material 3D bioprinting using mechanically tunable chondrocyte-laden bioinks. In addition, by optimizing the composition of stiff and soft bioinks in macro-scale printed constructs, the competence of this system in providing improved viability and recapitulation of chondrocyte cell behavior in mechanically robust 3D constructs is demonstrated. Furthermore, the engineered cartilage-like tissue construct is integrated with an electrochemical biosensing system to bring functional olfactory sensations toward multiple specific airway disease biomarkers, explosives, and toxins under biocompatible conditions. Proposed hybrid constructs can lay the groundwork for functional bionic interfaces and humanoid cyborgs.
生物制造技术的进步为在体外以足够的功能水平重现人类感觉器官（如鼻子和耳朵）打开了大门。这些进展使得能够同时应对工程化感觉器官（尤其是鼻子）面临的两个挑战：i）以高精度机械稳健地重建鼻软骨；ii）复制鼻子的功能：气味感知。混合鼻器官可以具备显著的能力，如增强嗅觉感知。在此，提出了一种由机械稳健的软骨样构建体和生物相容性生物传感平台组成的、具有气味感知功能的鼻状混合体的概念验证。具体而言，通过使用机械可调的载有软骨细胞的生物墨水进行多材料3D生物打印来创建3D软骨样组织构建体。此外，通过优化宏观尺度打印构建体中硬生物墨水和软生物墨水的组成，证明了该系统在提供更高的活力以及在机械稳健的3D构建体中重现软骨细胞行为方面的能力。此外，将工程化软骨样组织构建体与电化学生物传感系统集成，以便在生物相容条件下对多种特定气道疾病生物标志物、爆炸物和毒素产生功能性嗅觉感受。所提出的混合构建体可为功能性仿生界面和类人半机械人奠定基础。
