Anti-inflammatory Flavanones and Flavones from .

Phytochemical analysis of a methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of led to the isolation of 18 compounds. Seven of these, namely, lineaflavones A-D (-), 6-methoxygeraldone (), 8″-acetylobovatin (), and 5-hydroxy-7-methoxysaniculamin A () are new compounds. The compounds were characterized based on their NMR and HRMS data. The anti-inflammatory effects of the crude extract and isolated compounds were evaluated by measuring the levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The crude extract inhibited the release of all cytokines except IL-1β, which slightly increased in comparison to the LPS control. All the tested compounds suppressed the production of IL-2, GM-CSF, and TNF-α. Whereas compounds , , -, -, , and decreased production of IL-6, compounds , , , , , -, and inhibited the release of IL-1β. It is worth noting that most of the compounds tested showed a superior reduction in cytokines release compared to the reference drug ibuprofen.