Ahrens Wolfgang, Greiser Karin H, Linseisen Jakob, Pischon Tobias, Pigeot Iris
Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie - BIPS, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Deutschland.
Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020 Apr;63(4):376-384. doi: 10.1007/s00103-020-03111-0.
The focus of the German National Cohort, the largest population-based cohort study in Germany to date, is the investigation of the most important widespread diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and frequent respiratory and infectious diseases. This cohort will answer questions on the development of these diseases and on the impact of genetic, environmental and lifestyle-related risk factors. Another focus is on the identification of early, subclinical markers of emerging diseases. To answer these questions, a comprehensive assessment of these health outcomes as well as of all potential determinants and precursors is mandatory.This paper describes the various health outcomes that are assessed in the German National Cohort, as well as the examination modules that are applied for deep phenotyping of study participants. Repeated collection of biosamples as well as functional measurements and application of modern imaging techniques at various time points allow for assessing the dynamics of physiological changes related to the individuals' health status. The prognostic value of these changes for disease development will be explored and translated to novel approaches for prevention and personalised medicine. Incident diseases are being assessed through self-reports by study participants and through record linkage with data from health insurances and cancer registries. Additional information about clinical diagnoses is obtained from the treating physicians to ensure the highest possible validity.
德国国民队列研究是德国迄今为止最大的基于人群的队列研究，其重点是调查最重要的常见疾病，如心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症、神经和精神疾病，以及常见的呼吸道和传染病。该队列将回答有关这些疾病的发展以及遗传、环境和生活方式相关风险因素影响的问题。另一个重点是识别新出现疾病的早期亚临床标志物。为了回答这些问题，必须对这些健康结果以及所有潜在的决定因素和先兆进行全面评估。本文描述了在德国国民队列研究中评估的各种健康结果，以及用于对研究参与者进行深度表型分析的检查模块。在不同时间点重复采集生物样本以及进行功能测量和应用现代成像技术，有助于评估与个体健康状况相关的生理变化动态。将探索这些变化对疾病发展的预后价值，并将其转化为预防和个性化医疗的新方法。通过研究参与者的自我报告以及与健康保险和癌症登记处的数据进行记录链接来评估新发疾病。从治疗医生那里获取有关临床诊断的更多信息，以确保尽可能高的有效性。
