Cappelletti Erika R, Greco Andrea, Maloberti Alessandro, Giannattasio Cristina, Steca Patrizia, D'Addario Marco
Health Promotion Division, ATS Milan, Via Juvara, 22, 20129, Milan, Italy.
Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Mar 12;20(1):308. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8421-6.
This study explored both the evolution of the information needs and the perceived relevance of different health information sources in patients with essential hypertension. It also investigated the relationships between information needs and the perceived relevance of information sources with socio-demographic and clinical variables.
Two hundred and two patients with essential arterial hypertension were enrolled in the study and evaluated at baseline and during three follow-ups at 6, 12 and 24 months after baseline. Patients had a mean age of 54.3 years [range 21-78; SD = 10.4], and 43% were women. Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc tests, and Cochran's Q Test were performed to test differences in variables of interest over time.
It was observed a significant reduction in all the domains of information needs related to disease management except for pharmacological treatment and risks and complications. At baseline, patients reported receiving health information primarily from specialists, general practitioners, relatives, and television, but the use of these sources decreased over time, even if the decrease was significant only for relatives. Multiple patterns of relationships were found between information needs and the perceived relevance of sources of information and socio-demographics and clinical variables, both at baseline and over time.
The findings showed a general decrease in both the desire for information and the perceived relevance of different information sources. Hypertensive patients appeared to show little interest in health communication topics as their disease progressed. Understanding patients' information needs and the perceived relevance of different information sources is the first step in implementing tailored communication strategies that can promote patients' self-management skills and optimal clinical outcomes.
本研究探讨了原发性高血压患者信息需求的演变以及不同健康信息来源的感知相关性。它还调查了信息需求与信息来源的感知相关性与社会人口统计学和临床变量之间的关系。
202例原发性动脉高血压患者纳入本研究，并在基线时以及基线后6、12和24个月的三次随访中进行评估。患者的平均年龄为54.3岁[范围21 - 78岁；标准差 = 10.4]，43%为女性。采用重复测量方差分析、Bonferroni事后检验和Cochran's Q检验来检验感兴趣变量随时间的差异。
观察到与疾病管理相关的所有信息需求领域均有显著下降，但药物治疗以及风险和并发症领域除外。在基线时，患者报告主要从专科医生、全科医生、亲属和电视获取健康信息，但随着时间的推移，这些信息来源的使用减少，尽管仅亲属的减少具有显著性。在基线时以及随时间推移，信息需求与信息来源的感知相关性以及社会人口统计学和临床变量之间发现了多种关系模式。
研究结果表明，信息需求和不同信息来源的感知相关性普遍下降。随着疾病进展，高血压患者似乎对健康交流话题兴趣不大。了解患者的信息需求以及不同信息来源的感知相关性是实施可促进患者自我管理技能和最佳临床结果的定制化交流策略的第一步。
