Fite Robera Olana, Mesele Mamo, Wake Mathewos, Assefa Masresha, Tilahun Ayele
Department of Nursing, College of Health sciences and Medicine, Wolaita sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Office, Konta Special Woreda, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020 Mar;30(2):189-198. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i2.6.
An injury is a physical damage that occurs when the body is exposed to an excessive amount of energy. Physical agents, radiation, chemical agents, biological agents and physiological needs deprivation can cause injury. The study was aimed at assessing the severity of injury and identifying the factors associated with it among injured patients.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who visited the emergency department of Wolaita Sodo Teaching and Referral Hospital from January 1, 2012 - January 1, 2017. A total of 320 patient records were included in the study and selected using simple random sampling. Statistical association was done for categorical variables using Chi-square. Rank correlation was done for three ordered options independent variables, Chi-squared test for trend used for two options independent variables, and General Chi-square test of independence used for independent variables with not ordered three and above options. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was conducted. A P-value <0.05 was taken as a significant association.
The study indicated that the majority (45.3%), 128(40%) and 47(14.7%) had minor, moderate and severe injury, respectively. Residence (AOR 0.462; 95%CI 0.268, 0.798), cause of injury (AOR 3.602; 95%CI 1.336, 9.714), night time injury (AOR 4.895; 95%CI 1.472, 16.277), afternoon time injury (AOR 8.776; 95%CI 2.699, 28.537), and chest injury (AOR 2.391; 95%CI 1.048, 5.454) were significant predictors of moderate injury. Afternoon time of injury (AOR; 4.683; 95%CI 1.137, 19.296) and head, neck and spinal cord injury (AOR; 4.933; 95%CI 1.945, 12.509) were predictors of severe injury.
损伤是指身体暴露于过量能量时发生的物理性损害。物理因素、辐射、化学因素、生物因素以及生理需求剥夺均可导致损伤。本研究旨在评估损伤的严重程度，并确定受伤患者中与之相关的因素。
对2012年1月1日至2017年1月1日期间前往沃莱塔索多教学与转诊医院急诊科就诊的患者进行了一项横断面研究。本研究共纳入320份患者记录，采用简单随机抽样法进行选取。对分类变量采用卡方检验进行统计学关联分析。对三个有序选项的自变量进行秩相关分析，对两个选项的自变量采用趋势卡方检验，对具有三个及以上无序选项的自变量采用一般独立性卡方检验。进行多变量多项逻辑回归分析。P值<0.05被视为具有显著相关性。
研究表明，大多数患者（45.3%）、128例（40%）和47例（14.7%）分别为轻度、中度和重度损伤。居住地（比值比0.462；95%置信区间0.268，0.798）、损伤原因（比值比3.602；95%置信区间1.336，9.714）、夜间损伤（比值比；4.895；95%置信区间1.472，16.277）、下午损伤（比值比8.776；95%置信区间2.699，28.537）以及胸部损伤（比值比2.391；95%置信区间1.048，5.454）是中度损伤的显著预测因素。下午损伤时间（比值比；4.683；95%置信区间1.137，19.296）以及头部、颈部和脊髓损伤（比值比；4.933；95%置信区间1.945，12.509）是重度损伤的预测因素。
