Murugesan Selvasankar, Al Ahmad Sara Fahad, Singh Parul, Saadaoui Marwa, Kumar Manoj, Al Khodor Souhaila
Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
J Transl Med. 2020 Mar 14;18(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12967-020-02291-2.
The role of the human microbiome in human health and disease has been studied in various body sites. However, compared to the gut microbiome, where most of the research focus is, the salivary microbiome still bears a vast amount of information that needs to be revealed. This study aims to characterize the salivary microbiome composition in the Qatari population, and to explore specific microbial signatures that can be associated with various lifestyles and different oral conditions.
We characterized the salivary microbiome of 997 Qatari adults using high-throughput sequencing of the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene.
In this study, we have characterized the salivary microbiome of 997 Qatari participants. Our data show that Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria are the common phyla isolated from the saliva samples, with Bacteroidetes being the most predominant phylum. Bacteroidetes was also more predominant in males versus females in the study cohort, although differences in the microbial diversity were not statistically significant. We also show that, a lower diversity of the salivary microbiome is observed in the elderly participants, with Prevotella and Treponema being the most significant genera. In participants with oral conditions such as mouth ulcers, bleeding or painful gum, our data show that Prevotella and Capnocytophaga are the most dominant genera as compared to the controls. Similar patterns were observed in participants with various smoking habits as compared to the non-smoking participants. Our data show that Streptococcus and Neisseria are more dominant among denture users, as compared to the non-denture users. Our data also show that, abnormal oral conditions are associated with a reduced microbial diversity and microbial richness. Moreover, in this study we show that frequent coffee drinkers have higher microbial diversity compared to the non-drinkers, indicating that coffee may cause changes to the salivary microbiome. Furthermore, tea drinkers show higher microbial richness as compared to the non-tea drinkers.
This is the first study to assess the salivary microbiome in an Arab population, and one of the largest population-based studies aiming to the characterize the salivary microbiome composition and its association with age, oral health, denture use, smoking and coffee-tea consumption.
人类微生物组在人类健康和疾病中的作用已在身体的各个部位进行了研究。然而，与大多数研究集中的肠道微生物组相比，唾液微生物组仍蕴含大量有待揭示的信息。本研究旨在描述卡塔尔人群的唾液微生物组组成，并探索可与各种生活方式和不同口腔状况相关联的特定微生物特征。
我们使用16S rRNA基因V1-V3区域的高通量测序对997名卡塔尔成年人的唾液微生物组进行了表征。
在本研究中，我们对997名卡塔尔参与者的唾液微生物组进行了表征。我们的数据表明，拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和变形菌门是从唾液样本中分离出的常见门类，其中拟杆菌门最为主要。在研究队列中，拟杆菌门在男性中也比在女性中更为主要，尽管微生物多样性的差异无统计学意义。我们还表明，老年参与者的唾液微生物组多样性较低，普雷沃氏菌属和密螺旋体属是最显著的属。在患有口腔溃疡、牙龈出血或疼痛等口腔疾病的参与者中，我们的数据表明，与对照组相比，普雷沃氏菌属和二氧化碳嗜纤维菌属是最主要的属。与非吸烟参与者相比，有各种吸烟习惯的参与者也观察到类似模式。我们的数据表明，与非戴假牙者相比，链球菌属和奈瑟菌属在戴假牙者中更为主要。我们的数据还表明，异常的口腔状况与微生物多样性和微生物丰富度降低有关。此外，在本研究中我们表明，与不常喝咖啡的人相比，经常喝咖啡的人具有更高的微生物多样性，这表明咖啡可能会导致唾液微生物组发生变化。此外，与不喝茶的人相比，喝茶的人显示出更高的微生物丰富度。
这是第一项评估阿拉伯人群唾液微生物组的研究，也是旨在描述唾液微生物组组成及其与年龄、口腔健康、假牙使用、吸烟和咖啡茶饮用量之间关系的最大规模基于人群的研究之一。
