WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Sep 1;59(36):15424-15446. doi: 10.1002/anie.202000802. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Incorporation of non-equilibrium actions in the sequence of self-assembly processes would be an effective means to establish bio-like high functionality hierarchical assemblies. As a novel methodology beyond self-assembly, nanoarchitectonics, which has as its aim the fabrication of functional materials systems from nanoscopic units through the methodological fusion of nanotechnology with other scientific disciplines including organic synthesis, supramolecular chemistry, microfabrication, and bio-process, has been applied to this strategy. The application of non-equilibrium factors to conventional self-assembly processes is discussed on the basis of examples of directed assembly, Langmuir-Blodgett assembly, and layer-by-layer assembly. In particular, examples of the fabrication of hierarchical functional structures using bio-active components such as proteins or by the combination of bio-components and two-dimensional nanomaterials, are described. Methodologies described in this review article highlight possible approaches using the nanoarchitectonics concept beyond self-assembly for creation of bio-like higher functionalities and hierarchical structural organization.
在自组装过程的序列中纳入非平衡作用将是建立类似生物的高功能层次组装的有效手段。纳米构筑学是一种超越自组装的新方法，其目的是通过将纳米技术与包括有机合成、超分子化学、微制造和生物过程在内的其他科学学科的方法融合，从纳米级单元制造功能材料系统。本文基于定向组装、Langmuir-Blodgett 组装和层层组装的实例，讨论了将非平衡因素应用于传统自组装过程的情况。特别描述了使用生物活性成分（如蛋白质）或通过生物成分和二维纳米材料组合来制造具有层次性功能结构的示例。本文综述中描述的方法强调了使用纳米构筑学概念超越自组装来创造类似生物的更高功能和层次结构组织的可能方法。
