Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
J Leukoc Biol. 2020 Jul;108(1):123-128. doi: 10.1002/JLB.5MR0120-377R. Epub 2020 Mar 14.
Obesity affects more than 650 million adults worldwide and is a major risk factor for a variety of serious comorbidities. The prevalence of obesity has tripled in the past forty years and continues to rise. Eosinophils have recently been implicated in providing a protective role against obesity. Decreasing eosinophils exacerbates weight gain and contributes to glucose intolerance in high fat diet-induced obese animals, while increasing eosinophils prevents high-fat diet-induced adipose tissue and body weight gain. Human studies, however, do not support a protective role for eosinophils in obesity. More recent animal studies have also reported conflicting results. Considering these contradictory findings, the relationship between eosinophils and obesity may not be unidirectional. In this mini-review, we summarize a recent debate regarding the role of adipose tissue eosinophils in metabolic disorders, and discuss local and systemic effects of eosinophils in obesity. Given that adipose eosinophils play a role in tissue homeostasis, more research is needed to understand the primary function of adipose tissue eosinophils in their microenvironment. Therapeutic interventions that target eosinophils in adipose tissue may have the potential to reduce inflammation and body fat, while improving metabolic dysfunction in obese patients.
肥胖影响着全球超过 6.5 亿成年人，是多种严重合并症的主要危险因素。在过去的四十年中，肥胖的患病率增加了两倍，并且还在继续上升。最近有研究表明，嗜酸性粒细胞在预防肥胖方面发挥着保护作用。嗜酸性粒细胞减少会加剧体重增加，并导致高脂肪饮食诱导肥胖动物的葡萄糖不耐受，而增加嗜酸性粒细胞则可以防止高脂肪饮食引起的脂肪组织和体重增加。然而，人体研究并不支持嗜酸性粒细胞在肥胖中的保护作用。最近的动物研究也报告了相互矛盾的结果。考虑到这些相互矛盾的发现，嗜酸性粒细胞与肥胖之间的关系可能不是单向的。在这篇小型综述中，我们总结了最近关于脂肪组织嗜酸性粒细胞在代谢紊乱中的作用的争论，并讨论了嗜酸性粒细胞在肥胖中的局部和全身作用。鉴于脂肪组织嗜酸性粒细胞在组织稳态中发挥作用，需要进一步研究来了解脂肪组织嗜酸性粒细胞在其微环境中的主要功能。针对脂肪组织中嗜酸性粒细胞的治疗干预措施可能具有减轻炎症和体脂肪、改善肥胖患者代谢功能障碍的潜力。
