Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology/Pathophysiology, Nihon University, College of Bioresource Science, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-1 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
Exp Anim. 2020 Aug 5;69(3):336-344. doi: 10.1538/expanim.19-0128. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
Various cardiovascular diseases can be detected and diagnosed using echocardiography. The demand for cardiovascular system research using nonhuman primates is increasing, but echocardiographic references for nonhuman primates are limited. This report describes the first comparison of echocardiographic reference values in 247 normal cynomolgus monkeys (135 females, 112 males) over a wide age range. Echocardiography, electrocardiography, blood pressure and chest X-ray images were acquired under immobilization with intramuscular ketamine hydrochloride, then cardiac structure, function, and flow velocity were assessed. Cardiac hormone levels were also tested. We found that cardiac structures positively correlated with weight, that the size of these structures stabilized after reaching maturity and that cardiac output increased according to heart size. In contrast, fractional shortening of the left ventricle, ejection fraction and flow velocity showed no significant correlations with weight or age, and age and E wave correlated negatively. These findings appear sufficiently similar to those in humans to suggest that cynomolgus monkeys can serve as a suitable model of human cardiac disease. Our data should also prove useful for surveying cardiac dysfunction in monkeys.
各种心血管疾病可以通过超声心动图来检测和诊断。使用非人类灵长类动物进行心血管系统研究的需求正在增加，但针对非人类灵长类动物的超声心动图参考资料有限。本报告描述了首次对 247 只正常食蟹猴（135 只雌性，112 只雄性）进行的超声心动图参考值比较，涵盖了广泛的年龄范围。在肌肉内注射盐酸氯胺酮的麻醉下，采集超声心动图、心电图、血压和胸部 X 光图像，然后评估心脏结构、功能和血流速度。还测试了心脏激素水平。我们发现心脏结构与体重呈正相关，这些结构在成熟后大小稳定，心输出量随心脏大小而增加。相比之下，左心室缩短分数、射血分数和血流速度与体重或年龄无显著相关性，而年龄与 E 波呈负相关。这些发现与人类的发现足够相似，表明食蟹猴可以作为人类心脏疾病的合适模型。我们的数据也应该对监测猴子的心脏功能障碍有用。
