Li Xin-Xia, Du Xue-Wei, Song Wen, Lu Chang, Hao Wen-Nv
Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot.
School of nursing, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Mar;99(11):e19543. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000019543.
To explore the effect of continuous nursing care based on the Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (IKAP) theory on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
This study is a randomized control trial. COPD patients attending the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, China between July 1 and October 31, 2017 were eligible. Following random assignment of participants to either the intervention group or control group, 70 patients (35 in each group) were included in the final sample. The intervention group received nursing care based on the Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice theory, while the control group received standard nursing care. Data were collected before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and three months after the intervention. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure quality of life.
Three months after the intervention, there were significant differences in the total SGRQ score (20.29 ± 10.03 vs 30.14 ± 12.52) and in the three SGRQ dimensions between the intervention group and the control group (P < .05). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that the total SGRQ score and the scores for impact and symptoms had a significant time effect (P < .001), that the total SGRQ score and the score for symptoms had a significant interaction effect (P < .05), and that the impact dimension had a significant group effect (P = .042). Pairwise comparisons of the data for the intervention group showed that there were significant differences between the pre-intervention and 1 month after intervention scores as well as between pre-intervention and three months after intervention, for the total SGRQ scores and the scores for impact and symptoms(P < .001). In terms of the impact dimension, there was a significant difference in the intervention group between 1 month after intervention and 3 months after intervention (P = .016).
Continuous nursing care based on Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice theory improved quality of scores at 3 months after intervention among COPD patients. Given limitations of the study, future large-scale studies are needed to validate our results.
探讨基于信息、知识、态度和行为（IKAP）理论的延续性护理对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者生活质量的影响。
本研究为随机对照试验。选取2017年7月1日至10月31日在中国内蒙古医科大学附属医院就诊的COPD患者。将参与者随机分为干预组或对照组，最终样本纳入70例患者（每组35例）。干预组接受基于信息、知识、态度和行为理论的护理，而对照组接受标准护理。在干预前、干预后1个月和干预后3个月收集数据。采用圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）测量生活质量。
干预3个月后，干预组与对照组的SGRQ总分（20.29±10.03 vs 30.14±12.52）及SGRQ三个维度存在显著差异（P<0.05）。重复测量方差分析显示，SGRQ总分及影响和症状评分有显著的时间效应（P<0.001），SGRQ总分及症状评分有显著的交互效应（P<0.05），影响维度有显著的组间效应（P = 0.042）。干预组数据的两两比较显示，干预前与干预后1个月以及干预前与干预后3个月的SGRQ总分及影响和症状评分存在显著差异（P<0.001）。在影响维度方面，干预组干预后1个月与干预后3个月存在显著差异（P = 0.016）。
基于信息、知识、态度和行为理论的延续性护理在干预3个月后提高了COPD患者的生活质量评分。鉴于本研究的局限性，未来需要大规模研究来验证我们的结果。
