Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2021;18(2):244-271. doi: 10.2174/1570163817666200316105658.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is known to be the leading cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The prevalence of this disease in adults over 60 years was 9.6% in men and 18% in women. The therapeutic goals of this disease generally include pain relief with the least side effects, improvement of articular function and improvement of life, in which pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments are performed in different protocols. Due to the common side effects of pain relievers and complaints after invasive joint surgeries, there is a growing interest in the use of Traditional and Complementary protocols in OA treatment. In this paper, different sources of Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) were searched to obtain any evidence evaluating any medicinal plants in the management of OA. Over 250 effective medicinal plants for the treatment of OA have been introduced in these sources, and by searching electronic databases including PubMed and Scopus, we have found that of these plants, 39 have direct or indirect evidence in the treatment of this complication by different mechanism of actions such as effect on Body mass index (BMI), obesity and dyslipidemia, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antioxidant activity. The most important medicinal plants with direct evidence in the management of OA are Allium sativum, Commiphora mukul, Linum usitatissimum, Matricaria chamomilla, Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale, and Piper nigrum. Medicinal plants seem to be a valuable source for discovering and identifying new drugs for treatment of OA; however, since most of the studies are preclinical, further clinical trials are required to achieve more conclusive results.
骨关节炎（OA）是老年人疼痛和残疾的主要原因。60 岁以上成年人中，男性该病患病率为 9.6%，女性为 18%。该病的治疗目标通常包括缓解疼痛且副作用最小、改善关节功能和提高生活质量，其中药物和非药物治疗在不同方案中进行。由于止痛药的常见副作用和关节侵入性手术后的投诉，人们对传统和补充协议在 OA 治疗中的应用越来越感兴趣。在本文中，我们搜索了不同的传统波斯医学（TPM）来源，以获取评估任何药用植物在 OA 管理中的疗效的任何证据。这些来源中介绍了超过 250 种治疗 OA 的有效药用植物，通过搜索包括 PubMed 和 Scopus 在内的电子数据库，我们发现其中 39 种药用植物具有直接或间接证据，通过不同的作用机制治疗这种并发症，如对体重指数（BMI）、肥胖和血脂异常的影响、抗炎、抗伤害和抗氧化活性。在 OA 管理中具有直接证据的最重要药用植物是大蒜、没药、亚麻、甘菊、黑种草、生姜和胡椒。药用植物似乎是发现和鉴定治疗 OA 的新药的有价值来源；然而，由于大多数研究都是临床前研究，因此需要进一步的临床试验来获得更具结论性的结果。
