Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 14;12(3):772. doi: 10.3390/nu12030772.
The right amount and quality of amino acids (AAs) supplied to patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) reduces muscle mass loss, may preserve or even increase it, with significant clinical benefits. Several industrial PN mixtures are available so that nutrition specialists can choose the product closest to the patient's needs. In selected cases, there is the possibility of personalizing compounded mixtures in a hospital pharmacy that completely meets the individual nutritional needs of PN patients. This narrative review deals with the AA solutions used in PN mixtures. The physiology, the methods to calculate the AA needs, and the AA and energy requirements suggested by scientific guidelines for each patient type are also reported.
给予肠外营养（PN）患者适量且优质的氨基酸（AAs）可减少肌肉量丢失，甚至可能增加肌肉量，带来显著的临床获益。目前有多种不同的肠外营养混合制剂可供选择，以便营养治疗师能选择最接近患者需求的产品。在某些特定情况下，还可在医院药房中对 PN 患者进行个体化的混合制剂配置，以完全满足患者的个体化营养需求。本文对 PN 混合制剂中应用的 AA 溶液进行了综述，同时还介绍了 AA 的生理学特性、AA 需要量的计算方法，以及针对不同患者类型的科学指南所推荐的 AA 和能量需求。
