Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 Apr 20;133(8):968-974. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000748.
Autoimmune diseases are primary immune diseases in which autoreactive antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes destroy and damage tissue and cellular components, resulting in tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Helper T cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases under certain conditions. This review summarizes recent research on the role of helper T cells in autoimmune diseases from two aspects, helper T cell-mediated production of autoantibodies by B cells and helper T cell-induced activation of abnormal lymphocytes, and provides ideas for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The abnormal expression of helper T cells promotes the differentiation of B cells that produce autoantibodies, which leads to the development of different diseases. Among them, abnormal expression of Th2 cells and T follicular helper cells is more likely to cause antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases. In addition, abnormal activation of helper T cells also mediates autoimmune diseases through the production of abnormal cytokines and chemokines. Helper T cells play an essential role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, and a full understanding of their role in autoimmune diseases is helpful for providing ideas for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
自身免疫性疾病是原发性免疫性疾病，其中自身反应性抗体或致敏淋巴细胞会破坏和损伤组织和细胞成分，导致组织损伤和器官功能障碍。辅助性 T 细胞在某些条件下可能参与自身免疫性疾病的发病机制。本综述从辅助性 T 细胞介导的 B 细胞产生自身抗体和辅助性 T 细胞诱导异常淋巴细胞激活两个方面总结了辅助性 T 细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的作用的最新研究，为自身免疫性疾病的治疗提供了思路。辅助性 T 细胞的异常表达促进了产生自身抗体的 B 细胞的分化，从而导致不同疾病的发生。其中，Th2 细胞和滤泡辅助性 T 细胞的异常表达更易导致抗体介导的自身免疫性疾病。此外，辅助性 T 细胞的异常激活也通过产生异常细胞因子和趋化因子介导自身免疫性疾病。辅助性 T 细胞在自身免疫性疾病的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用，充分了解其在自身免疫性疾病中的作用有助于为自身免疫性疾病的治疗提供思路。
