Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas;
School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada; and.
Pediatrics. 2020 Apr;145(4). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-2742. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Mexican-origin women breastfeed at similar rates as white women in the United States, yet they usually breastfeed for less time. In our study, we seek to identify differences in Mexican-origin women's breastfeeding intentions, initiation, continuation, and supplementation across nativity and country-of-education groups.
The data are from a prospective cohort study of postpartum women ages 18 to 44 recruited from 8 Texas hospitals. We included 1235 Mexican-origin women who were born and educated in either Texas or Mexico. Women were interviewed at delivery and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post partum. Breastfeeding intentions and initiation were reported at baseline, continuation was collected at each interview, and weeks until supplementation was assessed for both solids and formula. Women were classified into 3 categories: born and educated in Mexico, born and educated in the United States, and born in Mexico and educated in the United States.
Breastfeeding initiation and continuation varied by nativity and country of birth, although all women reported similar breastfeeding intentions. Women born and educated in Mexico initiated and continued breastfeeding in higher proportions than women born and educated in the United States. Mexican-born and US-educated women formed an intermediate group. Early supplementation with formula and solid foods was similar across groups, and early supplementation with formula negatively impacted duration across all groups.
Nativity and country of education are important predictors of breastfeeding and should be assessed in pediatric and postpartum settings to tailor breastfeeding support. Support is especially warranted among US-born women, and additional educational interventions should be developed to forestall early supplementation with formula across all acculturation groups.
在美国，墨西哥裔女性的母乳喂养率与白人女性相似，但她们通常母乳喂养的时间较短。在我们的研究中，我们试图确定出生地点和教育国家/地区群体对墨西哥裔女性母乳喂养意愿、开始、持续和补充的差异。
数据来自一项针对从德克萨斯州 8 家医院招募的 18 至 44 岁产后女性的前瞻性队列研究。我们纳入了 1235 名出生于德克萨斯州或墨西哥、接受过教育的墨西哥裔女性。在分娩时和产后 3、6、12、18 和 24 个月时对女性进行了访谈。在基线时报告母乳喂养意愿和开始情况，在每次访谈时收集持续情况，并评估固体和配方补充的周数。将女性分为 3 类：出生并在墨西哥接受教育、出生并在美国接受教育和出生在墨西哥并在美国接受教育。
母乳喂养的开始和持续情况因出生地和出生国而异，尽管所有女性都报告了类似的母乳喂养意愿。出生并在墨西哥接受教育的女性开始和继续母乳喂养的比例高于出生并在美国接受教育的女性。出生在墨西哥、接受美国教育的女性则形成了一个中间群体。所有群体的早期配方奶和固体食物补充情况相似，早期配方奶补充会对所有群体的持续时间产生负面影响。
出生地和教育国家是母乳喂养的重要预测因素，应在儿科和产后环境中进行评估，以调整母乳喂养支持。尤其需要为在美国出生的女性提供支持，应开发更多的教育干预措施，以阻止所有文化群体的早期配方奶补充。
