Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia.
Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Hub, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ergonomics. 2020 Aug;63(8):965-980. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1745268. Epub 2020 Apr 10.
System dynamics is a computational modelling method that is used to understand the dynamic interactions influencing behaviour in complex systems. In this article we argue that the method provides a useful tool for ergonomists wishing to model the behaviour of complex systems. We present a system dynamics model that simulates the behaviour of a drink driving-related trauma system and explore the potential impact of different road safety policy interventions. The model was simulated over thirty-year periods with different policy interventions. The findings suggest that the greatest reduction in drink driving-related trauma can be achieved by policies that integrate standard road safety interventions (e.g. education and enforcement) with interventions designed to address the societal issue of alcohol misuse and addiction. In closing we discuss the potential use of system dynamics modelling in future ergonomics applications and outline its strengths and weaknesses in relation to existing systems ergonomics methods. The outputs of systems ergonomics methods are typically static and cannot simulate behaviour over time. We propose system dynamics as a useful approach for modelling the behaviour of complex systems. Applied to drink driving-related road trauma, the method was able to dynamically model the potential impacts of different policy interventions.
系统动力学是一种计算建模方法，用于理解影响复杂系统行为的动态交互。在本文中，我们认为该方法为希望对复杂系统行为进行建模的人类工效学家提供了一种有用的工具。我们提出了一个系统动力学模型，该模型模拟了与酒后驾车相关的创伤系统的行为，并探讨了不同道路安全政策干预的潜在影响。该模型在不同的政策干预下模拟了三十年的时间。研究结果表明，通过将标准道路安全干预措施（如教育和执法）与旨在解决酒精滥用和成瘾这一社会问题的干预措施相结合，酒后驾车相关创伤的减少幅度最大。最后，我们讨论了系统动力学建模在未来人类工效学应用中的潜在用途，并概述了其相对于现有系统工效学方法的优势和劣势。系统工效学方法的输出通常是静态的，无法随时间模拟行为。我们提出系统动力学作为建模复杂系统行为的一种有用方法。将其应用于与酒后驾车相关的道路创伤，该方法能够动态模拟不同政策干预的潜在影响。
