Martinez-Giron Rafael, Van Woerden Hugo Cornelis, Martínez-Torre Cristina
Array.
University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH. United Kingdom. .
Acta Biomed. 2020 Mar 19;91(1):146-147. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1.8924.
Human rhinovirus infection has been identified as the commonest cause of common cold. We were therefore interested in cytological assessment of nasal cells from patients with human rhinovirus infection. Cytological examination was undertaken of nasal smears from a group of 7 patients, 4 females and 3 males; aged between 27 and 14 years-old (average = 17.5), who had longstanding perennial rhinitis (in all cases 7 years or more). They presented at our research unit showing clinical symptoms of a common cold, including sore throat, nasal congestion, sneezing, and watery rhinorrhea. Serology and DNA real-time PCR demonstrated human rhinoviruses type A (5 cases) and C (two cases) as the cause of the infection. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken, fixed with 96% ethanol and stained using the Papanicolaou method and Giemsa stain. Under light microscopy the Pap smears showed the presence of numerous detached ciliated nasal epithelial cells, with approximately one third of the cells showed destruction and irregular attachment of cilia, microvacuolated cytoplasm, and large red round intranuclear bodies, similar to inclusions, surrounded by clear halos, where the nuclear borders were visible. Ultrastructural examination of the cells indicated disappearance of cilia, or shortened, fragmented and disordered cilia. Large intranuclear bodies appeared as a compact mass similar, similar to the condensed chromatin, and separated from the nuclear membrane by a clear space (Figure 1B). No viral particles were observed in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Our results confirm that human rhinovirus can alter the morphology of the ciliated nasal epithelial cells, principally causing alterations to the cilia and provoking nuclear changes.
人类鼻病毒感染已被确认为普通感冒最常见的病因。因此，我们对人类鼻病毒感染患者的鼻腔细胞进行了细胞学评估。对一组7例患者（4名女性和3名男性）的鼻涂片进行了细胞学检查；年龄在14至27岁之间（平均17.5岁），患有长期常年性鼻炎（所有病例均为7年或更长时间）。他们到我们的研究单位就诊，表现出普通感冒的临床症状，包括喉咙痛、鼻塞、打喷嚏和水样鼻分泌物。血清学和DNA实时PCR检测显示，A型人类鼻病毒（5例）和C型（2例）是感染的病因。采集鼻咽拭子，用96%乙醇固定，并用巴氏染色法和吉姆萨染色法染色。在光学显微镜下，巴氏涂片显示存在大量脱落的有纤毛的鼻上皮细胞，约三分之一的细胞显示纤毛破坏和附着不规则、微空泡化的细胞质以及大的红色圆形核内体，类似于包涵体，周围有清晰的晕圈，核边界可见。细胞的超微结构检查显示纤毛消失，或纤毛缩短、断裂和紊乱。大的核内体表现为致密团块，类似于浓缩染色质，与核膜之间有清晰的间隙（图1B）。在细胞质或细胞核中未观察到病毒颗粒。我们的结果证实，人类鼻病毒可改变有纤毛的鼻上皮细胞的形态，主要导致纤毛改变并引发核变化。
