Department of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Center for Research and Development in Learning (CRADLE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
J Mot Behav. 2021;53(2):258-274. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2020.1738992. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
The predominant role of the primary motor cortex (M1) in motor execution is well acknowledged. However, additional roles of M1 are getting evident in humans owing to advances in noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. This review collates such studies in humans and proposes that M1 also plays a key role in higher cognitive processes. The review commences with the studies that have investigated the nature of connectivity of M1 with other cortical regions in light of studies based on NIBS. The review then moves on to discuss the studies that have demonstrated the role of M1 in higher cognitive processes such as attention, motor learning, motor consolidation, movement inhibition, somatomotor response, and movement imagery. Overall, the purpose of the review is to highlight the additional role of M1 in motor cognition besides motor control, which remains unexplored.
初级运动皮层（M1）在运动执行中的主要作用是众所周知的。然而，由于非侵入性脑刺激（NIBS）技术的进步，M1 在人类中的额外作用也越来越明显。本综述收集了这些在人类中的研究，并提出 M1 也在更高的认知过程中发挥关键作用。综述首先探讨了基于 NIBS 的研究中 M1 与其他皮质区域的连接性质的研究。然后，综述讨论了表明 M1 在更高认知过程中的作用的研究，如注意力、运动学习、运动巩固、运动抑制、躯体感觉反应和运动想象。总的来说，综述的目的是强调 M1 在运动认知中的除运动控制之外的额外作用，这方面仍有待探索。
