UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2020 Oct;33(5):686-697. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12744. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
High blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy is associated with significant adverse outcomes. In nonpregnant populations, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet is associated with reductions in blood pressure. The present study investigated the relationship between the DASH dietary pattern and maternal BP in pregnancy.
This is an observational study of 511 women who participated in the ROLO study (Randomized cOntrol trial of LOw glycaemic index diet for the prevention of recurrence of macrosomia), 2007-2011, Dublin, Ireland. Auscultatory blood pressure, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements were taken. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was calculated. Dietary intakes were recorded using 3-day food diaries in each trimester. DASH scoring criteria were used to score and rank participants from low to high intakes of foods recommended in the DASH diet. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to determine the relationship between maternal BP and DASH scores.
Dietary intake more closely resembling the DASH dietary recommendations throughout pregnancy was associated with a lower DBP (mmHg) in trimesters 1 [B: -0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.21 to -0.18] and 3 (B: -0.68; 95% CI = -1.19 to -0.17), as well as lower MAP (mmHg) in trimesters 1 (B: -0.78; 95% CI = -1.33 to -0.25) and 3 (B: -0.54; 95% CI = -1.04 to -0.04), controlling for body mass index, age, education, energy intake and intervention grouping.
The DASH dietary pattern was associated with lower maternal BP in pregnancy among healthy women without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Despite the observational nature of these findings, the results demonstrate the potential for healthcare professionals to intervene to promote cardiovascular health in pregnancy.
孕期高血压（BP）与显著的不良结局有关。在非妊娠人群中，DASH（停止高血压的饮食方法）饮食与血压降低有关。本研究调查了 DASH 饮食模式与孕期产妇 BP 的关系。
这是一项观察性研究，共纳入了 511 名参加 2007-2011 年都柏林爱尔兰 ROLO 研究（低糖指数饮食预防巨大儿复发的随机对照试验）的女性。采用听诊法测量血压、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。计算平均动脉压（MAP）。在每个孕期，通过 3 天的食物日记记录饮食摄入。采用 DASH 评分标准对参与者进行评分，根据 DASH 饮食推荐食物的摄入量进行低到高的排名。采用方差分析和多元线性回归分析来确定产妇 BP 与 DASH 评分之间的关系。
整个孕期饮食更接近 DASH 饮食建议与第 1 孕期 DBP（mmHg）降低相关（B：-0.70；95%置信区间（CI）= -1.21 至 -0.18）和第 3 孕期 DBP（B：-0.68；95% CI= -1.19 至 -0.17），第 1 孕期 MAP（mmHg）也降低（B：-0.78；95% CI= -1.33 至 -0.25）和第 3 孕期 MAP（B：-0.54；95% CI= -1.04 至 -0.04），调整了体重指数、年龄、教育程度、能量摄入和干预分组。
在没有妊娠高血压疾病的健康女性中，DASH 饮食模式与孕期产妇 BP 降低有关。尽管这些发现是观察性的，但结果表明，医疗保健专业人员有潜力通过干预措施来促进孕期心血管健康。
