Private practice, Rome, Italy.
Associate Professor, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
J Prosthet Dent. 2021 Mar;125(3):426-436. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.01.025. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
How the properties of the implant-abutment unit may affect the peri-implant soft-tissue seal, whose stability is considered key to safeguarding the implant from bacterial contamination and preserve peri-implant health conditions, is unclear.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies was to investigate whether material and surface properties of transmucosal implant components can influence the peri-implant soft-tissue adhesion at a histological level.
An electronic and hand search was conducted until August 2019. Histological animal studies comparing soft-tissue response to abutment or transmucosal collar with different materials and/or surface characteristics were selected by 2 independent reviewers. Risk of bias in individual studies was evaluated. Histomorphometric data on the dimension of the peri-implant attachment were recorded, and a quantitative synthesis by a meta-analysis was performed. Risk of bias in individual studies was evaluated in accordance with the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias tool.
Eighteen relevant studies out of 1187 were identified, none with a low risk of bias for all domains. Data from only 4 studies could be meta-analyzed. Comparable results in terms of peri-implant attachment dimensions between test and control groups were found, except for a significantly higher apical junctional epithelium to coronal bone to implant (ajE-CBI) distance for chemically modified acid-etched compared with titanium machined surfaces. Non-meta-analyzable and/or qualitative results highlighted some improved properties also for microgrooved and oxidized surfaces.
Limited data from animal studies suggest that some characteristics of the transmucosal implant components may affect peri-implant soft-tissue adhesion and stabilization but do not allow definitive conclusions. Future research should improve study design to increase the availability of comparable and suitable data on this topic.
植入物-基台单元的特性如何影响种植体周围软组织密封，而这种密封的稳定性被认为是保护种植体免受细菌污染和维持种植体健康状况的关键，目前尚不清楚。
本系统评价和动物研究的荟萃分析旨在调查黏膜下植入物组件的材料和表面特性是否会影响组织学水平上的种植体周围软组织附着。
进行了电子和手工搜索，直到 2019 年 8 月。通过两名独立评审员选择了比较不同材料和/或表面特性的基台或黏膜下领圈对软组织反应的组织学动物研究。评估了单个研究的偏倚风险。记录了种植体周围附着的形态计量数据，并通过荟萃分析进行了定量综合。按照系统评价中心对动物实验偏倚风险工具对单个研究的偏倚风险进行了评估。
从 1187 篇文章中确定了 18 篇相关研究，没有一篇在所有领域都具有低偏倚风险。只有 4 项研究的数据可以进行荟萃分析。除了化学改性酸蚀表面与钛机械加工表面相比，根尖上皮接合部到冠骨到种植体（ajE-CBI）距离显著更高外，测试组和对照组在种植体周围附着尺寸方面的结果相似。无法进行荟萃分析和/或定性结果突出了一些改进的特性，也适用于微槽和氧化表面。
动物研究的有限数据表明，黏膜下植入物组件的某些特性可能会影响种植体周围软组织附着和稳定，但不能得出明确的结论。未来的研究应改进研究设计，以增加关于这一主题的更具可比性和合适的数据。
