Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Sep 8;23(1):651. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03347-7.
It is well established that nanotopography and wettability of implant surfaces contribute to osseointegration and long-term implant success. However, the effects of a hydrogenated surface with nanotubular and superhydrophilic properties on peri-implant soft tissue remain unclear. This study was designed to study the impact of a modified abutment surface on early soft tissue integration compared with a machined surface.
Thirty-six implants were placed at the bone level in the bilateral mandible of six beagles, followed by healing abutments belonging to the standard machined Ti-6Al-4V alloy abutments (TC4-M), anodized abutments with nanotubes (TC4-Nano), and hydrogenated abutments (TC4-H/Nano) groups, which were randomly screwed to the implants. After two and four weeks of wound healing, the animals were euthanized for histological evaluation.
A superhydrophilic nanotubular surface developed on the hydrogenated abutment. Histological and histometric analyses revealed similar peri-implant soft tissue healing and dimensions for the three types of abutments at two and four weeks. Connective tissue (CT) length was longer around TC4-H/Nano abutments compared with standard abutments; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, collagen fibers in the TC4-H/Nano group extended and were attached perpendicularly to the superhydrophilic surface.
Our results revealed that the soft tissue interface adjacent to the hydrogenated abutment is comparable to that of the machined abutment. A tendency of increased CT length and perpendicular collagen fibers was observed around the modified abutment. This study suggests that nanotubular/superhydrophilic surfaces could be a promising modification to enhance soft tissue sealing. However, comprehensive studies should be conducted to evaluate the peri-implant soft tissue around the modified abutment immunohistochemically, histopathologically, and clinically.
众所周知，种植体表面的纳米形貌和润湿性有助于骨整合和长期种植体成功。然而，具有纳米管状和超亲水性的氢化表面对种植体周围软组织的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在研究与机械加工表面相比，经过改良的基台表面对早期软组织整合的影响。
将 36 个种植体置于 6 只比格犬双侧下颌骨的骨水平，然后将愈合基台分别旋入标准机械加工 Ti-6Al-4V 合金基台（TC4-M）、具有纳米管的阳极氧化基台（TC4-Nano）和氢化基台（TC4-H/Nano）组。在愈合 2 周和 4 周后，处死动物进行组织学评估。
氢化基台上形成了超亲水纳米管状表面。组织学和组织计量学分析显示，三种基台在 2 周和 4 周时，种植体周围软组织愈合和尺寸相似。与标准基台相比，TC4-H/Nano 基台周围的结缔组织（CT）长度较长，但差异无统计学意义。此外，TC4-H/Nano 组的胶原纤维延伸并垂直附着在超亲水表面上。
我们的结果表明，与机械加工基台相比，氢化基台周围的软组织界面相当。改良基台周围观察到 CT 长度增加和垂直胶原纤维的趋势。本研究表明，纳米管状/超亲水表面可能是增强软组织密封的一种有前途的改良方法。然而，应进行综合研究，通过免疫组织化学、组织病理学和临床评估来评估改良基台周围的种植体周围软组织。
