College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Jul 1;154:1050-1073. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.163. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Recently, environmental and ecological concerns are increasing due to the usage of petroleum-based products so the synthesis of ultra-fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is drawing a tremendous level of attention. Nanocellulose, a unique and promising natural material extracted from native cellulose, may prove to be most ecofriendly materials that are technically and economically feasible in modern times, minimizing the pollution generation. Nanocellulose has gained tremendous attention for its use in various applications, due to its excellent special surface chemistry, physical properties, and remarkable biological properties (biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity). Various types of nanocellulose, viz. cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), are deeply introduced and compared in this work in terms of sources, production, structures and properties. The metal and metal oxides especially zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are broadly used in various fields due to the diversity of functional properties such as antimicrobial and ultraviolet (UV) properties. Thus, the advancement of nanocellulose and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs)-based composites materials are summarized in this article in terms of the preparation methods and remarkable properties with the help of recent knowledge and significant findings (especially from the past six years reports). The nanocellulose materials complement zinc oxide nanoparticles, where they impart their functional properties to the nanoparticle composites. As a result hybrid nanocomposite containing nanocellulose/zinc oxide composite has shown excellent mechanical, UV barrier, and antibacterial properties. The nanocellulose based hybrid nanomaterials have huge potential applications in the area of food packaging, biopharmaceuticals, biomedical, and cosmetics. Thus the functional composite materials containing nanocellulose and zinc oxide will determine the potential biomedical application for nanocellulose.
最近，由于石油基产品的使用，环境和生态问题日益严重，因此，从自然资源中合成超精细化学品和功能材料引起了极大的关注。纳米纤维素是一种从天然纤维素中提取的独特且有前途的天然材料，它可能是目前最环保的材料，在技术和经济上都是可行的，可以最大限度地减少污染的产生。由于其出色的特殊表面化学、物理性质和显著的生物特性（可生物降解性、生物相容性和无毒），纳米纤维素在各种应用中引起了极大的关注。本文深入介绍和比较了各种类型的纳米纤维素，即纤维素纳米纤维（CNFs）、纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）和细菌纳米纤维素（BNC），从来源、生产、结构和性能方面进行了比较。金属和金属氧化物，特别是氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO-NPs），由于具有抗菌和紫外线（UV）等多种功能特性，因此在各个领域得到了广泛的应用。因此，本文根据最近的知识和重要发现（特别是过去六年的报告），从制备方法和显著性能两方面总结了纳米纤维素和氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO-NPs）基复合材料的进展。纳米纤维素材料补充了氧化锌纳米粒子，赋予了纳米粒子复合材料功能性。因此，含有纳米纤维素/氧化锌复合纳米粒子的杂化纳米复合材料表现出了优异的机械性能、UV 阻隔性能和抗菌性能。基于纳米纤维素的杂化纳米材料在食品包装、生物制药、生物医学和化妆品等领域具有巨大的潜在应用。因此，含有纳米纤维素和氧化锌的功能复合材料将决定纳米纤维素在生物医学方面的潜在应用。
