Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
F1000Res. 2020 Mar 9;9:171. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22499.3. eCollection 2020.
Human enamel once formed cannot be biologically repaired or replaced. Saliva has a significant role in remineralization of dental enamel. It not only has a buffering capacity to neutralize the oral cavity's low pH generated after acidic encounters, but also acts as a carrier of essential ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, which have a positive role in enamel's remineralization. This review discusses how salivary contents, like proteins and enzymes, have a natural role in enamel's mineralization. In addition, the presence of ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, in saliva further enhances its capability to remineralize the demineralized enamel surface. The review further examines modern innovative technologies, based on biomimetic regeneration systems, including dentin phosphoproteins, aspartate-serine-serine, recombinant porcine amelogenin, leucine-rich amelogenin peptide and nano-hydroxyapatite, that promote enamel remineralization. Fluoride boosters like calcium phosphates, polyphosphates, and certain natural products can also play an important role in enamel remineralization.
人类牙釉质一旦形成，就无法进行生物修复或替代。唾液在牙釉质再矿化中起着重要作用。它不仅具有缓冲能力，可中和酸性接触后口腔中产生的低 pH 值，还可作为必需离子（如氟化物、钙和磷酸盐）的载体，这些离子对牙釉质的再矿化具有积极作用。本文综述了唾液成分（如蛋白质和酶）在牙釉质矿化中的天然作用。此外，唾液中存在的氟化物、钙和磷酸盐等离子进一步增强了其对脱矿釉质表面的再矿化能力。本文还进一步探讨了基于仿生再生系统的现代创新技术，包括牙本质磷蛋白、天冬氨酸-丝氨酸-丝氨酸、重组猪釉原蛋白、富含亮氨酸的釉原蛋白肽和纳米羟基磷灰石，这些技术可促进牙釉质再矿化。氟化物促进剂如钙磷酸盐、多磷酸盐和某些天然产物也可以在牙釉质再矿化中发挥重要作用。
