Maciejczyk Mateusz, Taranta-Janusz Katarzyna, Wasilewska Anna, Kossakowska Agnieszka, Zalewska Anna
Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2c Mickiewicza Street, 15-233 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 19;9(3):837. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030837.
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension; however, there are no data on salivary redox homeostasis and salivary gland function in children with hypertension. A total of 53 children with hypertension and age- and sex-matched controls were classified for the study. The antioxidant barrier and oxidative/nitrosative stress were evaluated in non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva, plasma, and erythrocytes, with Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test used for statistical analysis. We demonstrated that the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase were significantly higher in NWS, SWS, and erythrocytes of children with hypertension, similar to oxidative damage in proteins (advanced glycation end products) and lipids (malondialdehyde) as well as nitrosative stress markers (peroxynitrite and nitrotyrosine). The level of uric acid (UA) was significantly higher in NWS, SWS, and plasma of children with hypertension. UA concentration in SWS correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and UA content in plasma. This parameter differentiates children with hypertension from healthy controls (AUC = 0.98) with a high degree of sensitivity (94%) and specificity (94%). Stimulated salivary flow was significantly lower in the hypertension group, similar to total protein content and salivary amylase activity. In summary, childhood hypertension is associated with hyposalivation as well as disturbances in antioxidant defense and enhanced oxidative/nitrosative damage both in the plasma/erythrocytes as well as saliva. Salivary UA may be a potential biomarker of hypertension in children.
氧化应激在高血压发病机制中起关键作用；然而，关于高血压儿童唾液氧化还原稳态和唾液腺功能尚无数据。本研究共纳入53例高血压儿童及年龄和性别匹配的对照组。采用学生t检验和曼-惠特尼U检验对非刺激性（NWS）和刺激性（SWS）全唾液、血浆及红细胞中的抗氧化屏障以及氧化/亚硝化应激进行评估。我们发现，高血压儿童的NWS、SWS及红细胞中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶的活性显著更高，蛋白质（晚期糖基化终产物）和脂质（丙二醛）的氧化损伤以及亚硝化应激标志物（过氧亚硝酸盐和硝基酪氨酸）情况类似。高血压儿童的NWS、SWS及血浆中尿酸（UA）水平显著更高。SWS中的UA浓度与收缩压和舒张压以及血浆中的UA含量呈正相关。该参数可将高血压儿童与健康对照组区分开来（曲线下面积=0.98），具有高度敏感性（94%）和特异性（94%）。高血压组的刺激性唾液流量显著更低，总蛋白含量和唾液淀粉酶活性情况类似。总之，儿童高血压与唾液分泌减少以及血浆/红细胞和唾液中抗氧化防御紊乱及氧化/亚硝化损伤增强有关。唾液UA可能是儿童高血压的潜在生物标志物。
