Blinn D L, Slater H, Goldfarb I W
Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh.
J Emerg Med. 1988 Nov-Dec;6(6):471-3. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(88)90402-7.
Inhalation injury is known to add significant morbidity and mortality to patients with burns. Estimating the severity of inhalation injury is difficult, as signs of respiratory failure may occur hours or even days after the injury. We have reviewed 86 consecutive patients who were admitted to our Burn/Trauma Center with burns and evidence suggestive of smoke inhalation. Of these patients, 88% required endotracheal intubation. There was a 62% mortality. Admission chest x-rays studies, PAO2, and auscultation of the patient's lungs were normal in 90% of the study group. These factors could not be used to predict respiratory failure or death. Patients with as little as 15% total body surface burns with mild smoke inhalation are at significant risk of respiratory failure and the need for ventilatory support.
众所周知，吸入性损伤会显著增加烧伤患者的发病率和死亡率。由于呼吸衰竭的迹象可能在受伤数小时甚至数天后才出现，因此评估吸入性损伤的严重程度很困难。我们回顾了连续86例因烧伤并伴有吸入烟雾迹象而入住我们烧伤/创伤中心的患者。在这些患者中，88% 需要气管插管。死亡率为62%。研究组中90% 的患者入院时胸部X光检查、动脉血氧分压（PAO2）以及肺部听诊均正常。这些因素无法用于预测呼吸衰竭或死亡。全身烧伤面积低至15% 且伴有轻度烟雾吸入的患者有发生呼吸衰竭和需要通气支持的重大风险。
