Barlett R H, Niccole M, Tavis M J, Allyn P A, Furnas D W
Arch Surg. 1976 Jul;111(7):744-9. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1976.01360250020003.
Among 740 patients with acute burns who were admitted to our burn center from 1972 through, 1975, thirty-six required upper airway access within the first 24 hours after burn for oral and facial burns or smoke inhalation. Nasotracheal intubation was initially used. Twelve survived; 11 were successfully extubated and one required a tracheostomy. If the patient had not sustained major smoke inhalation, extubation was usually possible without tracheostomy when edema subsided between one and six days after the burn. It is concluded that endotracheal intubation is a satisfactory method of gaining airway control in severe oral and facial burns and in smoke inhalation. The mortality associated with orofacial burns or smoke inhalation is related to the degree of lung damage, patients' s age, and the extent of the burn; it is not related to the method of upper airway control.
在1972年至1975年期间入住我们烧伤中心的740例急性烧伤患者中，有36例因口腔和面部烧伤或吸入烟雾在烧伤后的头24小时内需要建立上呼吸道通道。最初采用经鼻气管插管。12例存活；11例成功拔管，1例需要气管切开术。如果患者没有严重吸入烟雾，当烧伤后1至6天水肿消退时，通常无需气管切开术即可拔管。结论是气管插管是在严重口腔和面部烧伤及吸入烟雾时获得气道控制的一种令人满意的方法。与口面部烧伤或吸入烟雾相关的死亡率与肺损伤程度、患者年龄和烧伤范围有关；与上呼吸道控制方法无关。
