Manthiram Arumugam
Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Nat Commun. 2020 Mar 25;11(1):1550. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15355-0.
Lithium-ion batteries have aided the portable electronics revolution for nearly three decades. They are now enabling vehicle electrification and beginning to enter the utility industry. The emergence and dominance of lithium-ion batteries are due to their higher energy density compared to other rechargeable battery systems, enabled by the design and development of high-energy density electrode materials. Basic science research, involving solid-state chemistry and physics, has been at the center of this endeavor, particularly during the 1970s and 1980s. With the award of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to the development of lithium-ion batteries, it is enlightening to look back at the evolution of the cathode chemistry that made the modern lithium-ion technology feasible. This review article provides a reflection on how fundamental studies have facilitated the discovery, optimization, and rational design of three major categories of oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, and a personal perspective on the future of this important area.
近三十年来，锂离子电池推动了便携式电子设备的革命。如今，它们正助力车辆电气化，并开始进入公用事业行业。锂离子电池的出现和主导地位归因于与其他可充电电池系统相比，其具有更高的能量密度，这得益于高能量密度电极材料的设计与开发。涉及固态化学和物理学的基础科学研究一直是这项工作的核心，尤其是在20世纪70年代和80年代。随着2019年诺贝尔化学奖授予锂离子电池的研发，回顾使现代锂离子技术成为可能的阴极化学的演变颇具启发性。这篇综述文章反思了基础研究如何促进了锂离子电池三大类氧化物阴极的发现、优化和合理设计，并对这一重要领域的未来给出了个人观点。
