Jiang Shaohua, Cheong Jun Young, Nam Jong Seok, Kim Il-Doo, Agarwal Seema, Greiner Andreas
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 Apr 22;12(16):19006-19014. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c02004. Epub 2020 Apr 7.
A relatively low compressive strength significantly limits the practical application of sponges made from electrospun fibers because of an ultralow density <10 mg/cm. To solve this problem, fibrous polyimide sponges with high density (HDPISG) were prepared using a "self-gluing" concept. The HDPISG have a density of up to 280 mg/cm and porosity >80%, and showed good breathability. The compressive strength increased significantly as the sponge densities increased. The HDPISG with a density of 280 mg/cm has the highest compressive strength of 5190 and 35,900 kPa under 50 and 80% compression, respectively. The small HDPISG can even hold weights more than ten thousand times of the weight of the sponge. The HDPISG also possess excellent mechanical properties after thermal treatments and no loss of compressive strength can be seen after heating at 300 °C for 30 h. Further study indicates that the HDPISG can maintain their main shape after carbonization.
由于密度超低（<10 mg/cm³），相对较低的抗压强度显著限制了由电纺纤维制成的海绵的实际应用。为了解决这个问题，采用“自粘合”概念制备了高密度纤维聚酰亚胺海绵（HDPISG）。HDPISG的密度高达280 mg/cm³，孔隙率>80%，并具有良好的透气性。随着海绵密度的增加，抗压强度显著提高。密度为280 mg/cm³的HDPISG在50%和80%压缩下的最高抗压强度分别为5190 kPa和35900 kPa。小尺寸的HDPISG甚至可以承受超过其自身重量一万倍的重量。HDPISG在热处理后也具有优异的机械性能，在300°C加热30小时后抗压强度没有损失。进一步研究表明，HDPISG在碳化后仍能保持其主要形状。
