School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia.
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University Australia, Footscray Park, Victoria, Australia.
J Pers Assess. 2021 May-Jun;103(3):324-331. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2020.1739059. Epub 2020 Mar 27.
The UPPS-P measures impulsivity as a five-factor construct (lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, positive urgency, negative urgency and sensation seeking). Drawing on a number of theoretical considerations and alternative conceptions of impulsivity, the current study used confirmatory factor analysis (N = 1635) and multiple regression to evaluate and test alternative models comprising three, five, and a hierarchical model containing latent factors. The five factor and hierarchical models were shown to be valid and of near identical fit, whereas the three-factor model fit the data poorly. The current findings suggest that both the five factor and hierarchical models are useful applications of the UPPS-P. Depending on the purpose of future research, both models demonstrate utility in both risk assessment and treatment development. Multiple regression analysis revealed that positive urgency predicted problem gambling, which supports the predictive utility of impulsivity as a five-factor construct. While the latent factors of the hierarchical model are consistent with emerging theory, those using the UPPS-P should not overlook the unique contributions of the five factors. As the current study found meaningful predictive distinctions between positive and negative urgency, utilizing all five factors may increase measurement sensitivity and predictive utility.
UPPS-P 将冲动性衡量为一个五因素结构（缺乏预谋、缺乏毅力、积极冲动、消极冲动和寻求刺激）。基于许多理论考虑和冲动性的替代概念，本研究使用验证性因素分析（N=1635）和多元回归来评估和测试包含三个、五个和包含潜在因素的层次模型的替代模型。五因素和层次模型被证明是有效的，并且具有几乎相同的拟合度，而三因素模型拟合数据较差。目前的研究结果表明，五因素模型和层次模型都是 UPPS-P 的有效应用。根据未来研究的目的，这两种模型都可以在风险评估和治疗开发中发挥作用。多元回归分析表明，积极冲动性预测了赌博问题，这支持了冲动性作为五因素结构的预测效用。虽然层次模型的潜在因素与新兴理论一致，但使用 UPPS-P 的人不应忽视五个因素的独特贡献。由于本研究发现积极冲动性和消极冲动性之间存在有意义的预测差异，因此使用所有五个因素可能会提高测量的敏感性和预测效用。
