W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 May 19;86(11). doi: 10.1128/AEM.00240-20.
Given the continued high prevalence of mosquito-transmitted diseases, there is a clear need to develop novel disease and vector control strategies. Biopesticides of microbial origin represent a promising source of new approaches to target disease-transmitting mosquito populations. Here, we describe the development and characterization of a novel mosquito biopesticide, derived from an air-dried, nonlive preparation of the bacterium sp. Panama (family: ). This preparation rapidly and effectively kills the larvae of prominent mosquito vectors, including the dengue and Zika vector and the human malaria vector During semi-field trials in Puerto Rico, we observed high efficacy of the biopesticide against field-derived populations, and against and species larvae in natural breeding water, indicating the suitability of the biopesticide for use under more natural conditions. In addition to high efficacy, the nonlive Csp_P biopesticide has a low effective dose, a long shelf life, and high heat stability and can be incorporated into attractive larval baits, all of which are desirable characteristics for a biopesticide. We have developed a novel preparation to kill mosquitoes from an abundant soil bacterium, sp. Panama. This preparation is an air-dried powder containing no live bacteria, and it can be incorporated into an attractive bait and fed directly to mosquito larvae. We demonstrate that the preparation has broad spectrum activity against the larval form of the mosquitoes responsible for the transmission of malaria and the dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, West Nile, and Zika viruses, as well as mosquito larvae that are already resistant to commonly used mosquitocidal chemicals. Our preparation possesses many favorable traits: it kills at a low dosage, and it does not lose activity when exposed to high temperatures, all of which suggest that this preparation could eventually become an effective new tool for controlling mosquitoes and the diseases they spread.
鉴于蚊媒传染病的持续高发，显然需要开发新的疾病和病媒控制策略。微生物源生物农药代表了针对传播疾病的蚊子种群的新方法的有前途的来源。在这里，我们描述了一种新型蚊子生物农药的开发和特性，该农药源自干燥的非活体制备的巴拿马细菌 sp.（家族：）。该制剂可迅速有效地杀死包括登革热和寨卡病毒传播媒介 和人类疟疾传播媒介 在内的主要蚊子媒介的幼虫。在波多黎各的半野外试验中，我们观察到该生物农药对野外来源的 种群以及天然繁殖水中的 和 物种幼虫具有很高的功效，表明该生物农药适合在更自然的条件下使用。除了高效性之外，非活体 Csp_P 生物农药具有低有效剂量、长保质期、高热稳定性，并且可以掺入有吸引力的幼虫诱饵中，所有这些都是生物农药的理想特性。我们已经开发出一种从丰富的土壤细菌巴拿马 sp. 中杀死蚊子的新型制剂。该制剂是一种含有无活体细菌的干燥粉末，可以掺入有吸引力的诱饵中并直接喂给蚊子幼虫。我们证明该制剂对引起疟疾和登革热、基孔肯雅热、黄热病、西尼罗河和寨卡病毒传播的蚊子的幼虫以及已经对常用杀蚊化学物质产生抗药性的蚊子幼虫具有广谱活性。我们的制剂具有许多有利的特性：它以低剂量杀死，并且在暴露于高温时不会失去活性，所有这些都表明该制剂最终可能成为控制蚊子及其传播疾病的有效新工具。
