Abera Bayeh, Hailu Tadesse, Beza Laway, Mulu Wondemagegn, Yizengaw Endalew, Kibret Mulugeta
Associate Professor of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia.
Associate Professor of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Trop Doct. 2020 Jul;50(3):190-194. doi: 10.1177/0049475520912558. Epub 2020 Mar 29.
The aetiology of diarrhoea with species and pathogenic bacteria has not been identified in the Ethiopian primary healthcare system. Thus, antibiotic consumption for unconfirmed pathogenic diarrhoea is not infrequent. A total of 344 children aged <5 years with diarrhoea were included in the present study to determine protozoal or bacterial aetiology and antibiotic use. Overall, 47.1% of children with diarrhoea had either protozoan or bacterial pathogens. The prevalence of species was 12.8% while bacterial pathogens were 13.1%. Based on direct microscopic stool examination, 77.6% (267/344) of children with diarrhoea were treated with antimicrobials. Of these, 16.7%-51.4% of prescribed antimicrobials were appropriate. None of the children with diarrhoea were treated with the appropriate antimicrobial. Enteric bacterial pathogens showed a resistance of 51.6% to cotrimoxazole. Empirical treatments are not appropriate for the majority of child cases of diarrhoea.
在埃塞俄比亚的初级卫生保健系统中，腹泻与物种及病原菌之间的病因尚未明确。因此，针对未经证实的致病性腹泻使用抗生素的情况并不少见。本研究共纳入344名5岁以下腹泻儿童，以确定原生动物或细菌病因以及抗生素的使用情况。总体而言，47.1%的腹泻儿童感染了原生动物或细菌病原体。某物种的患病率为12.8%，而细菌病原体的患病率为13.1%。根据粪便直接显微镜检查，77.6%（267/344）的腹泻儿童接受了抗菌药物治疗。其中，16.7%-51.4%的处方抗菌药物是合适的。感染某腹泻的儿童均未接受合适的抗菌药物治疗。肠道细菌病原体对复方新诺明的耐药性为51.6%。经验性治疗对大多数儿童腹泻病例并不适用。
