School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
Research Center for the Belt and Road Health Policy and Health Technology Assessment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 29;17(7):2301. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072301.
Nowadays, tuberculosis, scarlet fever, measles, influenza, and mumps are five major notifiable respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs) in China. The objective of this study was to describe, visualize, and compare the spatial-temporal distributions of these five RIDs from 2006 to 2016. In addition to descriptive epidemiology analysis, seasonality and spatial autocorrelation analysis were also applied to explore the epidemiologic trends and spatial changing patterns of the five RIDs, respectively. The results indicated that the incidence of tuberculosis, measles, and mumps presented a downtrend trend, while those of scarlet fever and influenza was in a strong uptrend across the research period. The incidences of the five diseases all peaked in spring. There were significant spatial disparities in the distribution of tuberculosis, scarlet fever, and measles cases, with the hotspots mainly located in the western plateau region, northern plain region, and southern mountainous region. To conclude, notable epidemiological differences were observed across regions, indicating that some provincial units should pay more attention to prevent and control respiratory infectious diseases.
如今,肺结核、猩红热、麻疹、流感和腮腺炎是中国五种主要的法定呼吸道传染病(RIDs)。本研究的目的是描述、可视化和比较这五种 RIDs 从 2006 年到 2016 年的时空分布。除了描述性流行病学分析外,还应用季节性和空间自相关分析分别探讨了五种 RIDs 的流行病学趋势和空间变化模式。结果表明,肺结核、麻疹和腮腺炎的发病率呈下降趋势,而猩红热和流感的发病率在整个研究期间呈强劲上升趋势。这五种疾病的发病率均在春季达到高峰。肺结核、猩红热和麻疹病例的分布存在显著的空间差异,热点主要位于西部高原地区、北部平原地区和南部山区。总之,不同地区的流行病学差异显著,表明一些省级单位应更加重视呼吸道传染病的预防和控制。