Idrizovic Kemal, Ahmeti Gentiana Beqa, Sekulic Damir, Zevrnja Ante, Ostojic Ljerka, Versic Sime, Zenic Natasa
Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, 81400 Niksic, Montenegro.
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Apr 11;9(4):449. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9040449.
Endurance training (ET) has multiple beneficial effects on cardiovascular health (CVH), but there is an evident lack of knowledge on differential effects of various types of ET on indices of CVH in women. The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of two different types of ET on changes in indicators of CVH in apparently healthy adult women. The sample included 58 women (24 ± 3 years; height: 165 ± 6 cm, mass: 66.7 ± 7.2 kg, BMI: 24.3 ± 2.5 kg/m, at baseline) divided into one control non-exercising group ( = 19), and two exercising experimental groups (EE). The first EE participated in choreographed aerobic-endurance training (CAT; = 19), while the second participated in treadmill-based endurance exercise (TEE; = 20) during the experimental protocol (8 weeks, 24 training sessions). The testing included pre- and post-exercise protocols and measures of anthropometric/body composition indices, lipid panel, and endurance capacity. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measurements with consecutive post hoc analysis was applied to the "group" and "measurement" variables. The main significant ANOVA effects found for measurement, and "Group x Measurement" interaction ( < 0.05) were found for all variables but body height. The EE induced positive changes in lipid panel variables, anthropometric/body-build status, and endurance capacity. However, TEE improved endurance capacity to a greater extent than CAT. The results suggest that that the optimal exercise intensity and self-chosen type of physical-activity may result in positive effects on indices of CVH, even in women of young age and good health status.
耐力训练（ET）对心血管健康（CVH）有多种有益影响，但对于不同类型的ET对女性CVH指标的差异影响，明显缺乏了解。本研究的目的是分析两种不同类型的ET对明显健康的成年女性CVH指标变化的有效性。样本包括58名女性（基线时年龄24±3岁；身高：165±6厘米，体重：66.7±7.2千克，BMI：24.3±2.5千克/平方米），分为一个不运动的对照组（n = 19）和两个运动实验组（EE）。在实验方案（8周，24次训练课程）期间，第一个EE组参加编排好的有氧耐力训练（CAT；n = 19），而第二个EE组参加基于跑步机的耐力运动（TEE；n = 20）。测试包括运动前后方案以及人体测量/身体成分指标、血脂水平和耐力能力的测量。对“组”和“测量”变量应用重复测量的双向方差分析及后续连续分析。除身高外，所有变量在测量方面以及“组×测量”交互作用方面均发现主要的显著方差分析效应（P < 0.05）。EE组引起了血脂水平变量、人体测量/身体状况和耐力能力的积极变化。然而，TEE组比CAT组在更大程度上提高了耐力能力。结果表明，即使在年轻且健康状况良好的女性中，最佳运动强度和自我选择的体育活动类型可能会对CVH指标产生积极影响。
