血液透析中心供水系统中非结核分枝杆菌的患病率。
Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in water supplies of hemodialysis centers.
作者信息
Carson L A, Bland L A, Cusick L B, Favero M S, Bolan G A, Reingold A L, Good R C
机构信息
Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Dec;54(12):3122-5. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.12.3122-3125.1988.
Abstract
Infection of hemodialysis patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been associated with water used in reprocessing hemodialyzers. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of NTM and other bacteria in water samples collected over a 13-week period from 115 randomly selected dialysis centers in the United States. Total viable counts were determined by membrane filter assays; increased recovery of NTM was obtained by dosing a portion of each water sample with 1% formaldehyde (HCHO) before filtering. NTM were widely distributed and occurred with a high frequency in water supplies in dialysis centers. NTM were detected in water from 95 centers (83%), and 50% of all samples examined contained NTM. The results of this study support recommendations to use 4% HCHO or a chemical germicidal equivalent for disinfecting dialyzers that are to be reused.
摘要
血液透析患者感染非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）与血液透析器再处理过程中使用的水有关。本研究旨在确定从美国115个随机选择的透析中心在13周内收集的水样中NTM和其他细菌的流行情况。通过膜过滤试验确定总活菌数；在过滤前，通过向每个水样的一部分加入1%甲醛（HCHO）来提高NTM的回收率。NTM分布广泛，在透析中心的供水系统中出现频率很高。在95个中心（83%）的水中检测到NTM，所有检测样本中有50%含有NTM。本研究结果支持使用4% HCHO或化学杀菌等效物对重复使用的透析器进行消毒的建议。
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