Wise R P, Livengood J R, Berkelman R L, Goodman R A
Division of Surveillance and Epidemiologic Studies, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Am J Prev Med. 1988 Sep-Oct;4(5):268-73.
Although crude and age-adjusted mortality statistics are frequently used to quantify public health problems, they are heavily influenced by the underlying disease processes of the elderly. Alternative measures have been developed to reflect the mortality experience of younger age groups (i.e., premature mortality). We evaluated four different methods for tabulating premature mortality, one method weighted by the remaining life expectancy at death and three methods with constant end points using age spans from birth to 65 years, birth to 75 years, and 1 to 65 years. These alternatives provide dramatically different descriptions of premature mortality in the United States in 1984. In general, the constant end-point methods emphasize the different pattern of mortality among younger persons, while premature mortality computed by the remaining life expectancy method more closely resembles the pattern of crude mortality. Although no single method is preferable for all purposes, the constant end-point method best differentiates the leading causes of premature death.
尽管粗死亡率和年龄调整死亡率统计数据经常被用于量化公共卫生问题，但它们受到老年人潜在疾病过程的严重影响。已开发出替代指标来反映较年轻年龄组的死亡情况（即过早死亡）。我们评估了四种不同的过早死亡制表方法，一种方法按死亡时的剩余预期寿命加权，另外三种方法使用从出生到65岁、出生到75岁以及1到65岁的年龄跨度设定固定终点。这些替代方法对1984年美国过早死亡情况的描述差异巨大。一般来说，固定终点方法强调了较年轻人群中不同的死亡模式，而通过剩余预期寿命方法计算的过早死亡情况更类似于粗死亡率模式。尽管没有一种方法适用于所有目的，但固定终点方法最能区分过早死亡的主要原因。
