MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Apr 3;69(13):382-386. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic (1). As of March 28, 2020, a total of 571,678 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 26,494 deaths have been reported worldwide (2). Reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe disease include older age and the presence of at least one of several underlying health conditions (3,4). U.S. older adults, including those aged ≥65 years and particularly those aged ≥85 years, also appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19-associated outcomes; however, data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported (5). As of March 28, 2020, U.S. states and territories have reported 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases to CDC, including 7,162 (5.8%) for whom data on underlying health conditions and other known risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections were reported. Among these 7,162 cases, 2,692 (37.6%) patients had one or more underlying health condition or risk factor, and 4,470 (62.4%) had none of these conditions reported. The percentage of COVID-19 patients with at least one underlying health condition or risk factor was higher among those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (358 of 457, 78%) and those requiring hospitalization without ICU admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) than that among those who were not hospitalized (1,388 of 5,143, 27%). The most commonly reported conditions were diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. These preliminary findings suggest that in the United States, persons with underlying health conditions or other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections appear to be at a higher risk for severe disease from COVID-19 than are persons without these conditions.
2020 年 3 月 11 日,世界卫生组织宣布 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)为大流行(1)。截至 2020 年 3 月 28 日,全球共报告确诊 COVID-19 病例 571678 例,死亡 26494 例(2)。来自中国和意大利的报告表明,重症疾病的危险因素包括年龄较大以及至少存在一种以下潜在健康状况(3,4)。美国老年人,包括年龄≥65 岁的老年人,特别是年龄≥85 岁的老年人,似乎也有更高的风险发生与 COVID-19 相关的严重后果;然而,目前尚未报告美国 COVID-19 患者的潜在健康状况数据(5)。截至 2020 年 3 月 28 日,美国各州和领土向疾病预防控制中心报告了 122653 例美国 COVID-19 病例,其中 7162 例(5.8%)报告了潜在健康状况以及其他与严重呼吸道感染结果相关的已知危险因素的数据。在这 7162 例病例中,有 2692 例(37.6%)患者有 1 种或多种潜在健康状况或危险因素,4470 例(62.4%)患者无上述情况报告。在需要入住重症监护病房(ICU)的患者(457 例中的 358 例,78%)和需要住院但无需入住 ICU 的患者(1037 例中的 732 例,71%)中,至少有一种潜在健康状况或危险因素的 COVID-19 患者比例高于无需住院的患者(5143 例中的 1388 例,27%)。报告的最常见疾病是糖尿病、慢性肺病和心血管疾病。这些初步结果表明,在美国,患有严重呼吸道感染结果的潜在健康状况或其他公认危险因素的人似乎比没有这些情况的人更容易患 COVID-19 重症疾病。
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