Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Apr 3;69(13):361-365. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6913a1.
Approximately 2.8 million nonfatal workplace illnesses and injuries were reported in the United States in 2018 (1). Current surveillance methods might underestimate the prevalence of occupational injuries and illnesses (2,3). One way to obtain more information on occupational morbidity is to assess workers' perceptions about whether they have ever experienced health problems related to work (4). Occupational exposures might directly cause, contribute to, exacerbate, or predispose workers to various health problems (work-related health problems). CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health estimated the lifetime prevalence of self-reported, work-related health problems for the currently employed population overall and stratified by various demographic and job characteristics using data from the 2018 version of the SummerStyles survey. Overall, 35.1% of employed respondents had ever experienced a work-related health problem (95% confidence interval [CI] = 33.0%-37.3%). The most commonly reported work-related health problem was back pain (19.4%, 95% CI = 17.6%-21.2%). Among industries, construction (48.6%, 95% CI = 36.54%-60.58%) had the highest prevalence of any work-related health problems. Workplace injury and illness prevention programs are needed to reduce the prevalence of work-related health problems, especially in higher-risk industries.
2018 年，美国报告了约 280 万例非致命性的工作场所疾病和伤害（1）。目前的监测方法可能低估了职业伤害和疾病的流行率（2,3）。一种获取更多职业发病率信息的方法是评估工人对自己是否曾经历过与工作相关的健康问题的看法（4）。职业暴露可能直接导致、促成、加重或使工人易患各种健康问题（与工作相关的健康问题）。疾病预防控制中心的国家职业安全与健康研究所使用 2018 年夏季风格调查数据，估计了目前就业人口的总体和按各种人口统计学和工作特征分层的自我报告的、与工作相关的健康问题的终生流行率。总体而言，35.1%的受雇受访者曾经历过与工作相关的健康问题（95%置信区间 [CI] = 33.0%-37.3%）。报告最多的与工作相关的健康问题是背痛（19.4%，95% CI = 17.6%-21.2%）。在各个行业中，建筑（48.6%，95% CI = 36.54%-60.58%）的任何与工作相关的健康问题发生率最高。需要预防工作场所伤害和疾病的计划来降低与工作相关的健康问题的流行率，尤其是在高风险行业。
