R. K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 20;12(3):823. doi: 10.3390/nu12030823.
The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in maintaining health throughout life. The microbiota develops progressively after birth and is influenced by many factors, including the mode of delivery, antibiotics, and diet. Maternal milk is critically important to the development of the neonatal intestinal microbiota. Different bioactive components of milk, such as human milk oligosaccharides, lactoferrin, and secretory immunoglobulins, modify the composition of the neonatal microbiota. In this article, we review the role of each of these maternal milk-derived bioactive factors on the microbiota and how this modulation of intestinal bacteria shapes health, and disease.
肠道微生物群在维持终生健康方面起着重要作用。微生物群在出生后逐渐发展，并受到许多因素的影响，包括分娩方式、抗生素和饮食。母乳对新生儿肠道微生物群的发育至关重要。母乳中的不同生物活性成分，如人乳寡糖、乳铁蛋白和分泌型免疫球蛋白，会改变新生儿微生物群的组成。本文综述了这些母乳来源的生物活性因子在微生物群中的作用，以及这种肠道细菌的调节如何塑造健康和疾病。
