Department of Economics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
School of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(17):20736-20747. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08372-5. Epub 2020 Apr 3.
This study examines the short-run and long-run asymmetric effects of clean energy consumption on carbon emission in Pakistan, over the annual time period 1975-2018, by using a non-linear ARDL approach. The findings of the study confirm the existence of asymmetries, in the nexus between the clean energy consumption and carbon emission in the short and long run. The findings of non-linear model confirm that carbon emission responded contrary to positive shocks of energy variables as compared with their negative shocks. Asymmetric findings recommend that positive and negative shocks of the alternative and nuclear energy and combustible and waste energy have affected differently. Although, short- and long-run results suggest an insignificant positive and negative relationship between electric power consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, more taxation of non-renewable energy and clean energy supports are suggested for the Pakistan economy. We concluded that Pakistan has potential in clean energy which will improve environmental quality in the near future.
本研究使用非线性 ARDL 方法，考察了 1975 年至 2018 年期间巴基斯坦清洁能源消费对碳排放的短期和长期非对称影响。研究结果证实了在清洁能源消费和碳排放在短期和长期内的关系中存在不对称性。非线性模型的结果证实，与负向冲击相比，能源变量的正向冲击对碳排放的反应相反。不对称的结果表明，替代能源和核能、可燃能源和废物能源的正向和负向冲击产生了不同的影响。尽管如此，电力消费和碳排放之间的短期和长期结果表明存在着不显著的正相关和负相关关系。因此，建议巴基斯坦经济对不可再生能源和清洁能源征收更多的税。我们的结论是，巴基斯坦在清洁能源方面有潜力，这将在不久的将来提高环境质量。
