Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2020 Apr;41:8-17. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.02.007. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
Measles caused an estimated minimum of one million fatalities annually before vaccination. Outstanding progress towards controlling the virus has been made since the measles vaccine was introduced, but reduction of measles case-fatalities has stalled at around 100,000 annually for the last decade and a 2019 resurgence in several geographical regions threatens some of these past accomplishments. Whereas measles eradication through vaccination is feasible, a potentially open-ended endgame of elimination may loom. Other than doubling-down on existing approaches, is it worthwhile to augment vaccination efforts with antiviral therapeutics to solve the conundrum? This question is hypothetical at present, since no drugs have yet been approved specifically for the treatment of measles, or infection by any other pathogen of the paramyxovirus family. This article will consider obstacles that have hampered anti-measles and anti-paramyxovirus drug development, discuss MeV-specific challenges of clinical testing, and define drug properties suitable to address some of these problems.
在疫苗接种之前，麻疹每年估计导致至少 100 万人死亡。自麻疹疫苗问世以来，在控制该病毒方面取得了杰出进展，但在过去十年中，麻疹病例死亡率每年减少约 10 万，2019 年几个地理区域的疫情反弹威胁到了其中一些过去的成就。虽然通过疫苗接种根除麻疹是可行的，但可能会出现一个无限期的消灭终点。除了加倍现有方法之外，是否值得通过抗病毒疗法来加强疫苗接种工作，以解决这一难题？目前，这个问题还只是假设，因为还没有专门批准用于治疗麻疹或副粘病毒科任何其他病原体感染的药物。本文将考虑阻碍抗麻疹和抗副粘病毒药物开发的障碍，讨论 MeV 临床检测的具体挑战，并定义适合解决其中一些问题的药物特性。
