Bhattarai Nimisha, Chen Mi, Pérez Rocío L, Ravula Sudhir, Chhotaray Pratap, Hamdan Suzana, McDonough Karen, Tiwari Suman, Warner Isiah M
Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2018 Sep 14;6(34):5451-5459. doi: 10.1039/c8tb01115j. Epub 2018 Aug 20.
Nanodrugs have been widely investigated for combating the large number of side effects associated with conventional therapeutics. Several investigations of such nanomedicines have demonstrated the profound role of nanoparticle size in therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report the role of cyclodextrin (CD)-templating on the size and therapeutic properties of rhodamine 6G (R6G) nanoGUMBOS, i.e. nanomaterials derived from a Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts (GUMBOS). In these studies, templating of nanoGUMBOS using 2-hydroxypropyl-alpha (2-HP-α), 2-hydroxypropyl beta (2-HP-β), and gamma (γ) cyclodextrin (CD) led to a significant reduction in size and enhanced uniformity as indicated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. In addition, CD-templated nanoGUMBOS remarkably displayed a three to four fold enhancement in toxicity towards cancer cells as compared to nanoGUMBOS without CD-templates, suggesting a significant improvement in therapeutic efficacy. Correlation between size and toxicity suggests that CD-templated nanoparticles of ∼70 to 80 nm produced optimal toxicity. Even more interesting, all investigated nanoGUMBOS displayed no toxicity toward normal cells under examined conditions. Moreover, these nanoGUMBOS display comparable chemotherapeutic toxicity to the parent dye, [R6G][Cl], while also eliminating toxicity towards normal cells, indicating their strong chemotherapeutic potential. The studies outlined here provide further insight into an approach that may be employed for rapid synthesis of size tunable nanodrugs for enhanced chemotherapeutic efficacy.
纳米药物已被广泛研究，以对抗与传统疗法相关的大量副作用。对这类纳米药物的多项研究表明了纳米颗粒大小在治疗效果中的重要作用。在此，我们报告了环糊精（CD）模板对若丹明6G（R6G）纳米GUMBOS（即基于有机盐的一组均匀材料衍生的纳米材料）大小和治疗特性的作用。在这些研究中，使用2-羟丙基-α（2-HP-α）、2-羟丙基-β（2-HP-β）和γ（γ）环糊精（CD）对纳米GUMBOS进行模板化，导致其尺寸显著减小且均匀性增强，这在透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像中得到了体现。此外，与没有CD模板的纳米GUMBOS相比，CD模板化的纳米GUMBOS对癌细胞的毒性显著提高了三到四倍，表明治疗效果有了显著改善。尺寸与毒性之间的相关性表明，约70至80纳米的CD模板化纳米颗粒产生了最佳毒性。更有趣的是，在检测条件下，所有研究的纳米GUMBOS对正常细胞均无毒性。此外，这些纳米GUMBOS与母体染料[R6G][Cl]具有相当的化疗毒性，同时还消除了对正常细胞的毒性，表明它们具有强大的化疗潜力。此处概述的研究为一种可用于快速合成尺寸可调的纳米药物以提高化疗效果的方法提供了进一步的见解。
