BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia.
J Mater Chem B. 2019 Jan 7;7(1):9-23. doi: 10.1039/c8tb02741b. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
The use of magnetic nanoparticles for sensing and theranostics of cancer has grown substantially in the last decade. Since the pioneering studies, which reported magnetic nanoparticles for bio-applications more than fifteen years ago, nanomaterials have increased in complexity with different shapes (nanoflowers, nanospheres, nanocubes, nanostars etc.) and compositions (e.g. core-shell) of nanoparticles for an increase in the sensitivity (imaging or sensing) and efficiency through synergistic treatments such as hyperthermia and drug delivery. In this review, we describe recent examples concerning the use of magnetic nanoparticles for bio-applications, from the surface functionalization methods to the development of cancer sensors and nanosystems for magnetic resonance and other imaging methodologies. Multifunctional nanosystems (nanocomposites, core shell nanomaterials) for theranostic applications involving treatments such as hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, targeted drug delivery, and gene silencing are also described. These nanomaterials could be the future of medicine, although their complexity raises concerns about their safety.
在过去的十年中，磁性纳米粒子在癌症的传感和治疗中的应用有了实质性的增长。自 15 年前开创性地报道了用于生物应用的磁性纳米粒子以来，纳米材料的复杂性不断增加，具有不同的形状（纳米花、纳米球、纳米立方体、纳米星等）和组成（例如核壳），以通过协同治疗（如热疗和药物输送）来提高灵敏度（成像或传感）和效率。在这篇综述中，我们描述了最近有关磁性纳米粒子在生物应用中的使用的例子，从表面功能化方法到用于磁共振和其他成像方法的癌症传感器和纳米系统的开发。还描述了涉及热疗、光动力疗法、靶向药物输送和基因沉默等治疗的多功能纳米系统（纳米复合材料、核壳纳米材料）。尽管这些纳米材料的复杂性引起了对其安全性的担忧，但它们可能是未来医学的发展方向。
