Clin Lab. 2020 Apr 1;66(4). doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.190901.
Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to transfusion transmitted cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. To avoid or minimize such risk, clinicians working in the field continually monitor the changing epidemiology of CMV infections.
A total of 234,192 blood donations obtained from 44,779 donors were tested. CMV seroprevalence and antibody conversion rates were determined over a 3-year period.
A significant percentage (37.5%) of all male and female blood donors tested seropositive. Both age and gender were risk factors for CMV infection. A total of 177 seroconversions (0.4% of donors) were identified. The highest antibody conversion rate occurred among men between 30 and 39 years of age; women did not experience a similar peak in antibody conversion rate. Approximately 10% of infected blood donors were identified by CMV DNA testing prior to seroconversion.
The high rates of seroprevalence and seroconversion and the identification of a significant number of CMV DNA-positive (infected) blood donors prior to seroconversion indicate that the routine testing of blood samples for CMV DNA could reduce the potential risk of CMV transmission to high-risk patients.
免疫功能低下的患者由于输血传播的巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染而面临更高的发病率和死亡率。为了避免或最小化这种风险，临床医生不断监测 CMV 感染的流行病学变化。
共检测了来自 44779 名供体的 234192 份血样。在 3 年期间确定了 CMV 血清阳性率和抗体转化率。
相当大比例（37.5%）的所有男性和女性献血者血清阳性。年龄和性别均为 CMV 感染的危险因素。共发现 177 例血清转化（占供体的 0.4%）。男性中 30 至 39 岁之间的抗体转化率最高；女性的抗体转化率没有类似的高峰。约有 10%的感染献血者在血清转化前通过 CMV DNA 检测被识别。
高血清阳性率和血清转化率以及在血清转化前发现大量 CMV DNA 阳性（感染）献血者表明，对血液样本进行常规 CMV DNA 检测可以降低高危患者 CMV 传播的潜在风险。
